Metronix motor Germany Metronix model Metronix price

Metronix motors refer to electric motors with a rated voltage above 1000V. Commonly used voltages are 6000V and 10000V; due to differences in foreign power grids, there are also voltage levels of 3300V and 6600V. High-voltage motors emerged because motor power is proportional to the product of voltage and current. Therefore, when the power of low-voltage motors increases to a certain extent (such as 300KW/380V), the current is limited by the allowable carrying capacity of the wires, making it difficult to increase further or resulting in excessive costs. High voltage must be used to achieve high-power output. The advantages of high-voltage motors are high power and strong shock resistance; the disadvantages are high inertia, making starting and braking difficult.

Metronix motor mechanical characteristics

Mechanical characteristics of motors: The torque of a single-phase series-wound motor varies with time, meaning the torque magnitude differs at every instant. This is significantly different from the smoothness of DC motor torque, where the output torque is effectively an average value. When the motor's magnetic circuit is not saturated, the magnetic flux is proportional to the excitation current, so the torque is proportional to the square of the current. When the motor's magnetic circuit is saturated, changes in current have little effect on magnetic flux, so the torque changes approximately in proportion to the current. A large starting torque and resistance to stalling are valuable advantages of this type of motor, making it suitable for applications where starting is difficult. With constant applied voltage and an unsaturated magnetic circuit, an increase in load causes a corresponding increase in armature current, thereby increasing magnetic flux and resistive voltage drop. As indicated by the speed equation, the speed drops rapidly. Conversely, under no-load conditions, both current and magnetic flux are very small, resulting in very high no-load speed, which can easily damage the motor. For safety and motor protection, no-load operation should be avoided as much as possible. However, for series-wound motors used in power tools, which generally carry a working head, the no-load speed will not be too high. Furthermore, designs often limit the no-load speed to approximately 1.7 times the rated speed. For very low-power series-wound motors, the no-load speed will not be extremely high due to their inherently high torque. As load increases, speed decreases, keeping the output power relatively stable and preventing motor overload due to increased load. This characteristic makes these motors widely used in applications with significant load torque variations, offering a wide speed regulation range. Regarding speed changes with load variation: when the load increases, the current in the armature winding increases correspondingly. Since the stator excitation winding is connected in series with the armature winding, the current in the stator excitation winding is the same as that in the armature winding and thus also increases, leading to an increase in magnetic flux. Because magnetic flux is inversely proportional to speed, the speed decreases. The increase in current also increases the resistive voltage drop across various parts, causing a decrease in electromotive force, which further contributes to the speed reduction. Therefore, compared to the mechanical characteristics of DC motors, those of single-phase series-wound motors are softer, making speed control more difficult.

Metronix motor speed control

Motor speed control: In wound-rotor asynchronous motors, adding external resistance to the rotor increases the slip, causing the motor to run at a lower speed. The greater the added resistance, the lower the motor speed. This method features simple equipment and convenient control, but the slip power is dissipated as heat in the resistor. It constitutes stepped speed control with relatively soft mechanical characteristics. Voltage control speed regulation: Changing the stator voltage of the motor yields a set of different mechanical characteristic curves, thereby achieving different speeds. Since motor torque is proportional to the square of the voltage, the maximum torque drops significantly, resulting in a narrow speed regulation range, which makes it difficult to apply to general squirrel-cage motors. To expand the speed regulation range, voltage control should employ squirrel-cage motors with high rotor resistance, such as torque motors specifically designed for voltage control speed regulation, or connect frequency-sensitive resistors in series with wound-rotor motors. To expand the stable operating range, feedback control should be adopted for speed regulation ratios above 2:1 to achieve automatic speed adjustment. The main device for voltage control speed regulation is a power supply capable of varying voltage. Common voltage control methods include series saturable reactors, autotransformers, and thyristor voltage control, with thyristor voltage control being the optimal method. Characteristics of voltage control speed regulation: 1, the circuit is simple and easy to implement for automatic control; 2, during voltage regulation, slip power is dissipated as heat in the rotor resistance, resulting in low efficiency. 3, voltage control speed regulation is generally suitable for production machinery below 100KW. Electromagnetic speed control: An electromagnetic speed-control motor consists of three parts: a squirrel-cage motor, an electromagnetic slip clutch, and a DC excitation power supply (controller). The DC excitation power supply has low power, typically composed of a single-phase half-wave or full-wave thyristor rectifier. Changing the conduction angle of the thyristors alters the magnitude of the excitation current. The electromagnetic slip clutch consists of three parts: an armature, magnetic poles, and an excitation winding. The armature and the latter have no mechanical connection and can rotate freely. The armature is coaxially connected to the motor rotor, forming the driving part driven by the motor. The magnetic poles are coupled to the load shaft via a coupling, forming the driven part. When both the armature and magnetic poles are stationary, if DC current is applied to the excitation winding, several pairs of alternating N and S poles form along the air gap circumference, with magnetic flux passing through the armature. When the armature rotates with the drive motor, relative motion between the armature and magnetic poles induces eddy currents in the armature. These eddy currents interact with the magnetic flux to produce torque, driving the rotor with magnetic poles to rotate in the same direction, but its speed is always lower than the armature speed N1. This is a slip-based speed control method. By varying the DC excitation current of the slip clutch, the output torque and speed of the clutch can be changed. Characteristics of electromagnetic speed-control motor speed regulation: 1, simple device structure and control circuit, reliable operation, and convenient maintenance; 2, smooth, stepless speed regulation; 3, no harmonic impact on the power grid; 4, large speed loss and low efficiency. 5, this method is suitable for medium and low-power production machinery requiring smooth operation and short-term low-speed running.

Metronix motor classification

Motor classification: 1. Classification by power supply: Based on the motor's working power supply, motors can be divided into DC motors and AC motors. AC motors are further divided into single-phase motors and three-phase motors. 2. Classification by structure and operating principle: Motors can be divided into DC motors, asynchronous motors, and synchronous motors based on structure and operating principle. Synchronous motors can be further divided into permanent magnet synchronous motors, reluctance synchronous motors, and hysteresis synchronous motors. Asynchronous motors can be divided into induction motors and AC commutator motors. Induction motors include three-phase asynchronous motors, etc. Phase asynchronous motors and shaded-pole asynchronous motors, etc. AC commutator motors include single-phase series-wound motors, universal AC/DC motors, and repulsion motors. 3. Classification by starting and running mode: Motors can be divided into capacitor-start single-phase asynchronous motors, capacitor-run single-phase asynchronous motors, capacitor-start-run single-phase asynchronous motors, and split-phase single-phase asynchronous motors based on starting and running mode. 4. Classification by application: Motors can be divided into drive motors and control motors based on application. Drive motors are further divided into motors for power tools (including drilling, polishing, grinding, slotting, cutting, reaming, and other tools), motors for home appliances (including washing machines, electric fans, refrigerators, air conditioners, recorders, VCRs, DVD players, vacuum cleaners, cameras, hair dryers, electric shavers, etc.), and motors for other general small mechanical equipment (including various small machine tools, small machinery, medical devices, electronic instruments, etc.). Control motors include stepper motors and servo motors, etc. 5. Classification by rotor structure: Motors can be divided into squirrel-cage induction motors (formerly known as squirrel-cage asynchronous motors) and wound-rotor induction motors (formerly known as wound-rotor asynchronous motors) based on rotor structure. 6. Classification by operating speed: Motors can be divided into high-speed motors, low-speed motors, constant-speed motors, and variable-speed motors based on operating speed. 7. Classification by protection type: Open type, enclosed type: The rotating and live parts inside the motor housing have necessary mechanical protection to prevent accidental contact, without significantly obstructing ventilation. Protected motors are further divided by their ventilation and protection structures into: mesh-guarded, drip-proof, splash-proof, enclosed, waterproof, watertight, submersible, and explosion-proof types.

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