French HUCHEZ motors, German and French HUCHEZ models, French HUCHEZ prices

French HUCHEZ motors refer to motors that can operate on both DC and AC power supplies. These motors are widely used in household appliances, manual devices, computing tools, and precision machinery. In addition, they are frequently used in medical equipment, communication technology, measurement technology, the film industry, and many other areas.

French HUCHEZ motor maintenance methods

Motor armature removal: Observe whether sparks are generated between the carbon brushes and the commutator during motor operation, and the degree of sparking. (1) indicates no sparks at all. This shows that the carbon brushes and commutator are normal and do not require repair; (2) indicates only 2 to 4 very small sparks. At this time, carefully observe if the commutator surface is flat. In most cases, repair is not necessary; (3) indicates that besides r having 4 or fewer very small sparks with F, there are also 1 to 3 large sparks. In this case, it is not necessary to remove the armature; simply use sandpaper to grind the carbon brushes and commutator; (4) indicates that if 4 or more large sparks appear, it is necessary to use sandpaper to grind the commutator, or even carefully turn the commutator on a lathe. At this time, the carbon brushes and armature must be removed. Of course, once the commutator is machined, the carbon brushes must be replaced and ground. Removal method: Because vibration can damage the carbon brushes when removing the end cover and armature, the carbon brushes should first be taken out from the brush holders. Also, since the angles of the two brush holders relative to the commutator may not be the same, to ensure restoration to the original state during installation and to prevent left and right carbon brushes from being installed incorrectly, marks must be made on the left and right carbon brushes before removing them. In addition, be careful not to damage the contact surfaces between the carbon brushes and the commutator. One end of a high-speed motor generally has a cooling fan, and the other end may have a magnet or tachometer ring for speed measurement. Be extremely careful when removing the cooling fan blades and the magnet or tachometer ring; do not damage the fan blades or the speed-measuring magnet. Next, make a mark between the fan shaft sleeve or the magnet shaft sleeve and the shaft, so that after repair, they can be installed according to the original marked positions. Because the dynamic balance test of high-speed motors is performed with the fan blades or tachometer ring (speed-measuring magnet) attached, assembly must be carried out according to the marks made during disassembly. This point is a minor matter irrelevant in general motor repair, I but it is critical in high-speed motor repair. Because once the tachometer ring or fan blades are damaged, or if they are not assembled according to the marks, even if other parts are repaired well, imbalance vibration of the entire machine may occur during high-speed operation after assembly. Do not use hammers, punches, etc., for hard knocking or prying when disassembling high-speed motors; use a puller. When using a puller, note that the tip of the puller should directly press against the center hole, and a protective pad should be placed between the puller tip and the center hole to protect the center hole on the armature shaft from damage. Before disassembly, make marks on the upper and lower end covers to facilitate reassembly in the original state after repair. Carefully clean the bearings removed from the armature. Use clean aviation gasoline for cleaning. After the gasoline dries, fill the bearing housing with 7014 (or 7018) bearing grease (ordinary butter or molybdenum disulfide cannot be used for high-speed motor bearings). Place in a clean area for later use; if the commutator surface is flat and has a purple luster, this oxide layer can protect the commutator surface. Simply use a soft brush to remove the powder from the surface.

French HUCHEZ motor working principle

The motor control system mainly consists of permanent magnet brushless DC motors, DC voltage, inverters, position sensors, and controllers, adopting a "three-phase six-step - 120° square wave" drive. Permanent magnet brushless DC motors achieve rotation by turning the power transistors of the inverter on and off according to a certain pattern, causing the stator armature of the motor to generate a magnetic potential that advances continuously by 60° electrical degrees, thereby driving the rotor to rotate. Under ideal conditions, the back EMF and current of each phase of the armature result in each power transistor conducting for 120° electrical degrees, with a phase difference of 60° electrical degrees. When power transistors V3 and V4 conduct, the motor's V and -U (current flowing into the winding direction is positive) are connected. The synthesized stator armature magnetic potential is Fa5 as shown in Figure 1; if power transistor V3 turns off and power transistor V5 turns on, the motor's W phase and -U are energized, and the synthesized armature magnetic potential becomes Fa5. Fa5 has advanced clockwise by 60° electrical degrees compared to Fa4. Thus, it can be seen that the magnetic potential generated by the stator armature will continuously rotate clockwise by 60° electrical degrees as the power transistors turn on and off in a regular pattern. There are six switching combination states for the inverter power transistors. Each switching combination state must correspond to a specific rotor position or induced electromotive force waveform to produce the maximum average electromagnetic torque. The interaction force is greatest when the angle between the two magnetic potential vectors is 90°. Since the magnetic potential generated by the electronic armature advances by 60° electrical degrees, the angle between the rotor magnetic potential and the stator magnetic potential must vary within the range of 60° to 120° in each switching mode to produce the maximum average electromagnetic torque. As shown in Figure 1, suppose at time t1, the rotor's Fj is in the plane of coils U and X, causing the rotor to rotate clockwise. At this time, power transistors V5 and V4 should be turned on, making the angle between the stator's synthesized magnetic potential Fa5 and Fj equal to 120°. The rotor rotates clockwise under the electromagnetic torque generated by the interaction between Fa5 and Fj. At time t3, the angle between Fa5 and Fj becomes 60°. At this point, power transistor V4 is turned off, and power transistor V6 is turned on. The stator's synthesized magnetic potential is Fa6, forming an angle of 120° with Fj. The electromagnetic torque generated by both causes the rotor to rotate further. Based on steady-state model scalar control, the initial operating mode of AC motors was uncontrolled operation. Its control functions were limited to switching on and off, and in some cases, auxiliary starting, braking, and reversal. To meet some variable speed drive needs, some controls with poorer performance emerged, such as voltage reduction speed control for squirrel-cage asynchronous motors, rotor resistance series speed control for wound-rotor asynchronous motors, electromagnetic slip clutch speed control, cascade speed control for wound-rotor asynchronous motors, variable voltage variable frequency speed control for squirrel-cage asynchronous motors (VVVF), pole-changing speed control, and variable voltage variable frequency speed control for synchronous motors. Among the above speed control methods, except for variable voltage variable frequency speed control, most are open-loop controls that do not require inverters. The equipment is simple, but efficiency is low and performance is poor. Slip frequency closed-loop control for squirrel-cage asynchronous motors based on constant voltage-to-frequency ratio control offers relatively better performance. However, since they are all based on steady-state models, their dynamic performance is poor. They are generally only used for energy-saving speed control and general speed control applications with low dynamic performance requirements, such as water pumps and fans. Vector control theory takes AC motor control from external macroscopic steady-state control deep into the transient control of the internal electromagnetic processes of the motor. The control performance of permanent magnet synchronous motors has thus made a qualitative leap. The most essential feature of vector control is transforming the complex, coupled, nonlinear variables inside the AC motor into DC variables (such as current, flux linkage, voltage, etc.) in a stationary reference frame through coordinate transformation, finding constraints, and obtaining the optimal control strategy for a specific target.

French HUCHEZ motor starting methods

Motor starting methods: First, split-phase starting, which uses an auxiliary starting winding to assist starting. Its starting torque is not high. The operating speed remains roughly constant. It is mainly used in electric fans, air conditioner fan motors, washing machines, and other motors. Second, when the motor is stationary, the centrifugal switch is closed. Upon powering on, the starting capacitor participates in the starting process. When the rotor speed reaches 70% to 80% of the rated value, the centrifugal switch automatically opens, the starting capacitor completes its task and is disconnected. The starting winding does not participate in operation, and the motor continues to operate with the running winding coil. Third, when the motor is stationary, the centrifugal switch is closed. Upon powering on, the starting capacitor participates in the starting process. When the rotor speed reaches 70% to 80% of the rated value, the centrifugal switch automatically opens, the starting capacitor completes its task and is disconnected. The running capacitor is connected in series with the starting winding to participate in operation. This connection method is generally used in places with heavy and unstable loads, such as air compressors, cutting machines, and woodworking machine tools, as shown in Figure C. For motors with centrifugal switches, if the motor fails to start successfully within a short time, the winding coils will burn out quickly. Capacitance values: Dual-value capacitor motors have a large starting capacitance and a small running capacitance, with a voltage rating generally greater than 400 V. Forward and reverse control: Usually, the resistance values of the starting winding and running winding of this type of motor are the same, meaning the wire diameter and number of turns of the starting winding and running winding are completely identical. This type of motor is generally used in washing machines. This forward and reverse control method is simple and does not require complex changeover switches. For forward and reverse control, simply swap wires 1 to 2 or swap wires 3 to 4 to achieve reversal. Judgment of starting and running windings: Usually, the DC resistance of the starting winding is much larger than that of the running winding, which can be measured with a multimeter. Generally, the DC resistance of the running winding is a few ohms, while the DC resistance of the starting winding is tens to hundreds of ohms.

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