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ENGEL motors are permanent magnet motors commutated or controlled by electronic circuits or current. Permanent magnet brushless motors come in two types: sine wave drive and square wave drive. Those with rectangular wave drive current are commonly referred to as permanent magnet brushless DC motors, while those with sine wave drive current are commonly referred to as permanent magnet AC servo motors. Based on sensor type, they can be classified into sensor-equipped motors and sensorless motors.

ENGEL motor structure

Motor rotor structure: The rotor is the rotating part of a three-phase asynchronous motor, consisting of the rotor core, rotor winding, shaft, fan, and other components. The rotor core is also part of the motor's magnetic circuit, made by stacking silicon steel sheets with uniform slots punched on the outer circumference, and fixed to the shaft. The rotor windings are placed in the slots of the rotor core. Depending on the rotor winding structure, three-phase asynchronous motors can be divided into squirrel-cage and wound-rotor types. The rotor winding of a squirrel-cage asynchronous motor is named for its resemblance to a squirrel cage; its structure consists of copper bars embedded in the slots as conductors, with the ends of the copper bars welded together by short-circuit rings. Small and medium-sized squirrel-cage asynchronous motors use cheaper aluminum instead of copper, casting the rotor conductors, short-circuit rings, and fan into a single unit to form a cast-aluminum squirrel-cage rotor. The core of a wound rotor is the same as that of a squirrel-cage rotor. The rotor winding is similar to the stator winding, made of insulated wire wound according to a specific pattern and embedded in the rotor slots to form a three-phase symmetrical winding. Typically, the ends of the three windings are connected together, and the starting ends are connected to three mutually insulated copper slip rings fixed on the shaft, forming a star connection. The rotor winding is connected to an external three-phase rheostat via the slip rings and brushes above them, for motor starting and speed adjustment within a small range. Squirrel-cage and wound-rotor three-phase asynchronous motors operate on the same principle, differing only in the structure of the rotor winding.

ENGEL motor applications

A motor refers to an asynchronous motor powered by a 220V AC single-phase power supply. Because 220V power supply is very convenient and economical, and household electricity usage is also 220V, single-phase motors are not only widely used in production but also closely related to people's daily lives. Especially with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the usage of single-phase motors in household appliances has increased. Applications in production include micro water pumps, grinders, threshers, crushers, woodworking machinery, medical devices, etc. In daily life, they include electric fans, hair dryers, exhaust fans, washing machines, refrigerators, etc. There are many types, but the power is relatively low. This type of motor usually has two-phase windings on the stator, and the rotor is of the ordinary squirrel-cage type. Different distributions of the two-phase windings on the stator and different power supply conditions can produce different starting and operating characteristics.

ENGEL motor braking methods

Motor electrical braking methods include: dynamic braking, plugging braking, and regenerative braking. (1) During dynamic braking, the three-phase AC power supply to the motor is cut off, and DC current is supplied to the stator winding. At the moment the AC power is cut off, due to inertia, the motor continues to rotate in the original direction. This method is characterized by smooth braking, but requires a DC power source. For high-power motors, the cost of the required DC equipment is high, and the braking force is small at low speeds. (2) Plugging braking is divided into load plugging braking and power supply plugging braking. Load plugging braking, also known as load reversal plugging braking, allows heavy loads to descend slowly at a stable speed. The characteristics of this braking method are: the power supply does not need to be reversed, no special braking equipment is required, and the braking speed can be adjusted. However, it is only applicable to wound-rotor motors, where a large resistance must be inserted in series in the rotor circuit to make the slip greater than 1. Power supply plugging braking: When the motor needs to be braked, simply swap any two phase power lines to reverse the rotating magnetic field, achieving rapid braking. When the motor speed reaches zero, the power supply is immediately cut off. The characteristics of this braking method are: quick stop, strong braking force, and no need for braking equipment. However, due to the high current during braking, the impact is also large, which can easily cause the motor to overheat or damage components in the transmission part. Regenerative braking, also known as feedback braking, occurs under the action of a heavy load (when a crane motor lowers a heavy load), the motor speed exceeds the synchronous speed of the rotating magnetic field. At this time, induced current is generated in the rotor conductors, producing a torque in the opposite direction of rotation under the action of the rotating magnetic field. However, since the motor speed is high, a variable speed device is needed to reduce the speed.

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