HERZOG motor Germany HERZOG model HERZOG price

HERZOG motor refers to the engine that controls the operation of mechanical components in a servo system; it is an auxiliary motor indirect speed change device. Servo motors can control speed with very accurate position precision, converting voltage signals into torque and rotational speed to drive controlled objects. The rotor speed of the servo motor is controlled by the input signal and can respond quickly. In automatic control systems, it serves as an actuator, featuring small electromechanical time constants and high linearity, converting received electrical signals into angular displacement or angular velocity output on the motor shaft. It is divided into two main categories: DC and AC servo motors. Its main characteristics are that there is no self-rotation phenomenon when the signal voltage is zero, and the rotational speed decreases uniformly as the torque increases.

HERZOG motor structure

The motor consists of stator poles, rotor, brushes, housing, etc. The stator poles use permanent magnets (permanent steel), including materials such as ferrite, AlNiCo, and NdFeB. According to their structural form, they can be divided into cylindrical and tile types, among others. The rotor is generally made of laminated silicon steel sheets, with enameled wire wound between the two slots of the rotor core (three slots mean three windings), and each connection is soldered to the metal segments of the commutator. Brushes are conductive components connecting the power supply to the rotor windings, possessing both conductivity and wear resistance. Permanent magnet motor brushes use single-metal strips, metal graphite brushes, or electrographite brushes. 2. Brushless DC motor: Composed of a permanent magnet rotor, multi-pole winding stator, position sensors, etc. The characteristic of brushless DC motors is being brushless, using semiconductor switching devices (such as Hall elements) to achieve electronic commutation, i.e., replacing traditional contact commutators and brushes with electronic switching devices. It has advantages such as high reliability, no commutation sparks, and low mechanical noise. Position sensors commutate the current in the stator windings in a certain order according to changes in rotor position (i.e., detecting the position of rotor poles relative to stator windings, generating position sensor signals at determined positions, which are processed by signal conversion circuits to control power switch circuits, switching winding currents according to a certain logical relationship). There are three types of position sensors: magnetic, photoelectric, and electromagnetic. For brushless DC motors using magnetic position sensors, magnetic sensing devices (such as Hall elements, magnetic diodes, magnetic transistors, magnetic resistors, or specialized integrated circuits) are installed on the stator assembly to detect changes in the magnetic field generated by the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor. Electric vehicles mostly use Hall elements. For brushless DC motors using photoelectric position sensors, photoelectric sensing devices are configured at specific positions on the stator assembly, with a light-blocking plate installed on the rotor, and the light source is an LED or a small bulb. When the rotor rotates, due to the action of the light-blocking plate, the photosensitive components on the stator will intermittently generate pulse signals at a certain frequency. For brushless DC motors using electromagnetic position sensors, electromagnetic sensor components (such as coupling transformers, proximity switches, LC resonant circuits, etc.) are installed on the stator assembly. When the position of the permanent magnet rotor changes, the electromagnetic effect causes the electromagnetic sensor to generate high-frequency modulated signals (whose amplitude varies with rotor position). The operating voltage of the stator windings is provided by an electronic switch circuit controlled by the output of the position sensor.

HERZOG motor phase angle and torque

The motor phase difference angle (torque angle) is the phase difference δ between the no-load induced electromotive force generated by the magnetic field and the armature voltage. The torque of a synchronous motor is proportional to sin (δ), and reaches the theoretical xxx torque at δ = 90 degrees (different for cylindrical motors versus salient-pole motors). Furthermore, since the motor rotates synchronously with the frequency of the armature voltage, the output is proportional to the torque. If the load torque is too large, it stops due to "out of step (loss of synchronism)." The torque at this point is called "pull-out torque," and serves as the phase difference angle within the range of 50-70 degrees.

HERZOG motor structure

Motor rotor structure: The rotor is the rotating part of a three-phase asynchronous motor, consisting of the rotor core, rotor windings, shaft, fan, and other parts. The rotor core is also part of the motor's magnetic circuit, made of laminated silicon steel sheets with uniform linear slots punched on the outer circumference, and fixed to the shaft. Rotor windings are placed in the linear slots of the rotor core. Depending on the structure of the rotor windings, three-phase asynchronous motors can be divided into squirrel-cage and wound-rotor types. The rotor winding of a squirrel-cage asynchronous motor is named for its resemblance to a squirrel cage; its structure consists of copper bars embedded in the slots as conductors, with the ends of the copper bars welded together with short-circuit rings. Small and medium-sized squirrel-cage asynchronous motors use cheaper aluminum instead of copper, casting the rotor conductors, short-circuit rings, and fan into one piece to form a cast-aluminum squirrel-cage rotor. The core of a wound rotor is the same as that of a squirrel-cage rotor. The rotor windings are similar to stator windings, made of insulated wire wound and embedded in the rotor slots according to a certain pattern to form a three-phase symmetrical winding. Usually, the ends of the three windings are connected together, and the starting ends are connected to three mutually insulated copper slip rings fixed on the shaft, forming a star connection. The rotor windings are connected to an external three-phase rheostat via the slip rings and brushes above them, for motor starting and speed adjustment within a small range. The working principles of squirrel-cage and wound-rotor three-phase asynchronous motors are the same; the only difference lies in the structure of the rotor windings.

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