Cortem SpA electrical components Germany Cortem SpA model Cortem SpA price

Cortem SpA electrical components are surge absorbers/varistor assemblies. Due to the nonlinear resistance change with respect to voltage, they exhibit symmetry in both directions (positive and negative). They respond to abnormal voltages on the line, absorbing most of the surge/spike energy while suppressing the abnormal voltage to a safe range, thereby improving the safety and stability of the circuit. In the standby state, the surge absorber (varistor) has very high impedance (several megaohms) relative to the protected electronic components and does not affect the characteristics of the original design circuit. However, when an instantaneous surge voltage occurs (exceeding the breakdown voltage of the surge absorber), the impedance of the surge absorber drops low (only a few ohms), causing a short circuit in the line, thereby protecting electronic products or more expensive components.

Cortem SpA electrical components function

A relay is an automatic switching component with isolation functionality, widely used in remote control, telemetry, communications, automatic control, mechatronics, and power electronic equipment, making it one of the most important control components. Relays generally have a sensing mechanism (input part) that responds to specific input variables (such as current, voltage, power, impedance, frequency, temperature, pressure, speed, light, etc.); an actuating mechanism (output part) that controls the "on" and "off" states of the controlled circuit; and an intermediate mechanism (drive part) between the input and output parts for coupling isolation, functional processing, and driving the output part. As a control component, relays serve the following functions: (1) Expand control range: For example, when the control signal of a multi-contact relay reaches a certain value, it can simultaneously switch, disconnect, or connect multiple circuits according to different contact group configurations. (2) Amplification: For example, sensitive relays and intermediate relays can control high-power circuits using a very small control quantity. (3) Signal integration: For example, when multiple control signals are input into a multi-winding relay in a specified format, they are compared and integrated to achieve the predetermined control effect. (4) Automatic, remote control, and monitoring: For example, relays in automatic devices can form program control circuits together with other electrical appliances, thereby achieving automated operation.

Cortem SpA electrical components classification

Fuses can be classified into high-voltage fuses and low-voltage fuses based on operating voltage. Based on the protected object, they can be classified into fuses for transformer protection and general electrical equipment, fuses for voltage transformer protection, fuses for power capacitor protection, fuses for semiconductor component protection, fuses for motor protection, and fuses for household appliance protection. Based on structure, they can be classified into open-type, semi-enclosed, tube-type, and expulsion fuses. Open-type fuses have a simple structure, with the fusible element fully exposed to the air and supported by porcelain pillars without bases, suitable for low-voltage outdoor use. They produce significant noise and light in the atmosphere when interrupting current. Semi-enclosed fuses have the fusible element mounted on a porcelain frame, inserted into a porcelain box with metal sockets at both ends, suitable for low-voltage indoor use. The noise and light produced during current interruption are contained by the porcelain box. Tube-type fuses have the fusible element installed inside the fuse body, which is then inserted into a base or directly connected to the circuit. The fuse element is a fully sealed insulating tube with metal caps or contact blades at both ends. If the insulating tube of this type of fuse is filled with quartz sand, it provides current-limiting effects during current interruption, significantly increasing the breaking capacity, hence also known as high-breaking-capacity fuses. If the tube is evacuated, it is called a vacuum fuse. If the tube is filled with SF6 gas, it is called a SF6 fuse, aimed at improving arc extinction performance. Since quartz sand, vacuum, and SF8 gas all have good insulation properties, this type of fuse is suitable for both low and high voltage applications. Expulsion fuses have the fusible element installed in an insulating tube made of solid gas-generating material. The solid gas-generating material can be electrical anti-white cardboard or organic glass material. When short-circuit current passes through the fusible element, it melts immediately, generating an arc. The high-temperature arc causes the solid gas-generating material to rapidly decompose, producing a large amount of high-pressure gas, which ejects the ionized gas and arc from both ends of the tube, emitting intense noise and light, and extinguishing the arc when the AC current crosses zero, thereby interrupting the current. The insulating tube is usually mounted on an insulating support to form the complete fuse. Sometimes the upper end of the insulating tube is designed to be movable, detaching and dropping down immediately after current interruption. This type of expulsion fuse is commonly known as a drop-out fuse.

Cortem SpA electrical components structure

The basic structure of a voltage transformer is very similar to that of a transformer, with two windings: one called the primary winding and the other called the secondary winding. Both windings are mounted or wound on the iron core. Insulation exists between the two windings and between the windings and the iron core, providing electrical isolation between the two windings and between the windings and the iron core. During operation, the primary winding N1 is connected in parallel to the line, and the secondary winding N9 is connected in parallel to instruments or relays. Therefore, when measuring voltage on high-voltage lines, although the primary voltage is very high, the secondary voltage is low, ensuring the safety of operators and instruments.

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