efb elektronik electrical components Germany efb elektronik model efb elektronik price

efb elektronik electrical components are Zener diodes manufactured to provide voltage regulation by utilizing the reverse breakdown state of a PN junction, where the current can vary over a wide range while the voltage remains essentially constant. This diode is a semiconductor device with very high resistance up to the critical reverse breakdown voltage. At this critical breakdown point, the reverse resistance drops to a very low value; in this low-resistance region, the current increases while the voltage remains constant. Zener diodes are graded according to their breakdown voltage. Due to this characteristic, Zener diodes are mainly used as voltage regulators or voltage reference elements. Zener diodes can be connected in series for use at higher voltages, allowing higher stable voltages to be obtained through series connection.

efb elektronik electrical component characteristics

Sensitivity refers to the ratio of the change in output to the change in input of a sensor under steady-state operating conditions. It is the slope of the output-input characteristic curve. If the relationship between the sensor's output and input is linear, then the sensitivity S is a constant. Otherwise, it will vary with changes in the input. The dimension of sensitivity is the ratio of the dimensions of the output and input quantities. When the dimensions of the sensor's output and input quantities are the same, sensitivity can be understood as the amplification factor. Increasing sensitivity yields higher measurement accuracy. However, the higher the sensitivity, the narrower the measurement range, and stability often deteriorates.

efb elektronik electrical component principle

The basic principle of a multimeter is to use a sensitive moving-coil DC ammeter (microammeter) as the meter head. When a small current passes through the meter head, a current indication is produced. However, the meter head cannot handle large currents, so resistors must be connected in parallel and in series with the meter head to shunt or reduce the voltage, thereby measuring the current, voltage, and resistance in the circuit. In a digital multimeter, the measurement process involves a conversion circuit that converts the measured quantity into a DC voltage signal. Then, an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter transforms the analog voltage into a digital quantity. An electronic counter then counts this digital quantity, and finally, the measurement result is displayed directly as numbers on the display screen. The functions of measuring voltage, current, and resistance in a multimeter are implemented through the conversion circuit section. Current and resistance measurements are based on voltage measurement; that is, a digital multimeter is an extension of a digital DC voltmeter. In a digital DC voltmeter, the A/D converter transforms the continuously changing analog voltage over time into a digital quantity. An electronic counter then counts the digital quantity to obtain the measurement result, which is displayed by a decoding and display circuit. A logic control circuit coordinates the operation of the circuits, completing the entire measurement process sequentially under the action of a clock.

efb elektronik electrical component performance

1. Protection characteristics: When the surge intensity from the surge source does not exceed the specified value, the clamping voltage of the varistor must not exceed the impulse withstand voltage that the protected object can endure. 2. Surge withstand characteristics: The varistor itself must be able to withstand the specified surge current, surge energy, and the average power when multiple surges occur consecutively. 3. Life characteristics include two aspects: one is the continuous operating voltage life, meaning the varistor should reliably operate for a specified duration (in hours) under specified ambient temperature and system voltage conditions. The other is the surge life, meaning it can reliably withstand a specified number of surges. 12. After a varistor is integrated into a system, in addition to its "safety valve" protective role, it introduces some additional effects, known as "secondary effects," which should not degrade the normal operating performance of the system. The main factors to consider are threefold: first, the inherent capacitance of the varistor; second, the leakage current under system voltage; and third, the influence on other circuits caused by the coupling of the varistor's nonlinear current through the source impedance.

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