ETZPOWER electrical components Germany ETZPOWER model ETZPOWER price

ETZPOWER electrical components refer to mechanical equipment that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. It is driven by hydraulic turbines, steam turbines, diesel engines, or other prime movers, converting the energy from water flow, air flow, fuel combustion, or nuclear fission into mechanical energy transmitted to the generator, which then converts it into electrical energy. Generators are widely used in industrial and agricultural production, national defense, science and technology, and daily life. There are many types of generators, but their operating principles are all based on the laws of electromagnetic induction and electromagnetic force. Therefore, the general principle of their construction is: using appropriate magnetic and conductive materials to form magnetic circuits and circuits that mutually induce electromagnetism, thereby generating electromagnetic power to achieve the purpose of energy conversion.

ETZPOWER electrical component applications

Semiconductor diodes are used in almost all electronic circuits. The use of semiconductor diodes in circuits can protect the circuit and extend its service life. The development of semiconductor diodes has optimized integrated circuits and played a positive role in various fields. Diodes play many roles in integrated circuits, maintaining their normal operation. The following briefly introduces the roles of diodes in the following four types of circuits. (1) Switching circuits: In digital and integrated circuits, the unidirectional conductivity of diodes is used to realize circuit conduction or disconnection. This technology has been widely applied. Switching diodes can effectively protect circuits from damage due to short circuits and other issues, and can also realize the functions of traditional switches. Another characteristic of switching diodes is their fast switching speed, which is incomparable to traditional switches. (2) Limiter circuits: In electronic circuits, limiter circuits are commonly used to process various signals. They are used to selectively transmit part of the signal within a preset voltage level range. Most diodes can be used for limiting, but sometimes dedicated limiter diodes are required, such as when protecting instruments. (3) Voltage regulator circuits: Zener diodes are typically used in voltage regulator circuits. They are junction-type silicon semiconductor diodes manufactured using special processes. These special diodes have high impurity concentrations and high charge density in the space charge region, making it easy to form a strong electric field. When the reverse voltage across the Zener diode reaches a certain value, the reverse current increases sharply, causing reverse breakdown. (14) Varactor circuits: Varactor diodes are commonly used in varactor circuits to achieve automatic frequency control, tuning, frequency modulation, and scanning oscillation.

ETZPOWER electrical component classification

For different application scenarios, the purpose of using varistors and the voltage/current stress applied to them vary, resulting in different requirements for varistors. Distinguishing these differences is crucial for correct usage. Based on the purpose of use, varistors can be divided into two categories: protection varistors and circuit function varistors. ① Protection varistors: 1, distinguish between power supply protection varistors and signal line/data line protection varistors, as they must meet different technical standard requirements. 2, based on the different continuous operating voltages applied to the varistor, varistors across power lines can be divided into AC type and DC type. The aging characteristics of varistors under these two voltage stresses differ. 3, based on the different abnormal overvoltage characteristics withstandable by varistors, they can be divided into surge suppression type, high-power type, and high-energy type. ② Surge suppression type: Refers to varistors used to suppress transient overvoltages such as lightning overvoltage and switching overvoltage. The occurrence of such transient overvoltages is random and non-periodic, and the peak current and voltage may be very high. The vast majority of varistors belong to this category. ③ High-power type: Refers to varistors used to absorb continuous pulse groups that appear periodically, such as varistors connected in parallel to switching power supply converters. Here, the impulse voltage appears periodically with a known cycle, and the energy value can generally be calculated. Although the voltage peak is not large, the average power is quite high due to the high frequency of occurrence. ④ High-energy type: Refers to varistors used to absorb magnetic energy in large inductive coils such as generator excitation coils and lifting electromagnet coils. For such applications, the main technical indicator is energy absorption capacity. The protective function of varistors can be repeated multiple times in most application scenarios, but sometimes they are made into one-time protective devices like current fuses. For example, varistors with short-circuit contacts connected in parallel to the loads of certain current transformers.

ETZPOWER electrical component classification

Thyristors have various classification methods: ① Classification by turn-off, turn-on, and control methods: Thyristors can be divided into conventional thyristors, bidirectional thyristors, reverse-conducting thyristors, gate-turn-off thyristors, BTG thyristors, temperature-controlled thyristors, and light-controlled thyristors, among others. ② Classification by pins and polarity: Thyristors can be divided into two-pin thyristors, three-pin thyristors, and four-pin thyristors. ③ Classification by package type: Thyristors can be divided into metal-packaged thyristors, plastic-packaged thyristors, and ceramic-packaged thyristors. Among them, metal-packaged thyristors are further divided into bolt-type, flat-type, and round-case types; plastic-packaged thyristors are divided into types with heat sinks and without heat sinks. ④ Classification by current capacity: Thyristors can be divided into high-power thyristors, medium-power thyristors, and low-power thyristors. Typically, high-power thyristors mostly use metal casing packages, while medium and low-power thyristors mostly use plastic or ceramic packages. ⑤ Classification by turn-off speed: Thyristors can be divided into conventional thyristors and high-frequency (fast) thyristors. ⑥ Zero-crossing triggering - generally for power regulation, i.e., triggering when the phase of the sinusoidal AC voltage crosses zero. Triggering must occur at the zero-crossing point to turn on the thyristor. ⑦ Non-zero-crossing triggering - the thyristor can be triggered to turn on regardless of the AC voltage phase. Commonly, this is phase-shift triggering, i.e., changing the output percentage by altering the conduction angle (phase angle) of the sinusoidal AC voltage.

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