Funke electrical components Germany Funke model Funke price

Funke electrical component is a photodetector that converts light into current or voltage signals depending on the mode of use. The die often uses a PN junction with photosensitive characteristics, which is very sensitive to changes in light, has unidirectional conductivity, and changes its electrical properties when the light intensity varies; therefore, the current in the circuit can be changed by varying the light intensity. Photodiodes are also called photoelectric diodes. Photodiodes are similar in structure to semiconductor diodes; their die is a PN junction with photosensitive characteristics and has unidirectional conductivity, so a reverse voltage must be applied during operation. When there is no illumination, there is a very small saturated reverse leakage current, i.e., dark current, at which point the photodiode is cut off. When exposed to light, the saturated reverse leakage current increases significantly, forming a photocurrent that varies with the intensity of the incident light. When light irradiates the PN junction, it can generate electron-hole pairs in the PN junction, increasing the density of minority carriers. These carriers drift under reverse voltage, causing the reverse current to increase. Therefore, the current in the circuit can be changed by varying the light intensity.

Funke electrical component features

Among various types of switches, there is a component with the ability to "sense" objects approaching it—the displacement sensor. Using the sensitivity of the displacement sensor to approaching objects to control the opening or closing of the switch is what constitutes a proximity switch. Only when an object moves toward the proximity switch and approaches within a certain distance does the displacement sensor "sense" it, causing the switch to actuate. This distance is usually called the "detection distance." Different proximity switches have different detection distances. Sometimes the detected object moves toward the proximity switch one by one at certain time intervals and then leaves one by one, repeating this process continuously. Different proximity switches have different response capabilities to the detection object. This response characteristic is called the "response frequency."

Funke electrical component function

Antennas radiate radio waves and also receive radio waves. However, what the transmitter feeds into the antenna through the feeder is not radio waves, nor can the receiving antenna directly send radio waves into the receiver through the feeder; an energy conversion process must occur in between. Below, we take radio communication equipment as an example to analyze the signal transmission process, thereby illustrating the energy conversion role of the antenna. At the transmitting end, the modulated high-frequency oscillating current (energy) generated by the transmitter is input to the transmitting antenna via the feeding device (the feeding device may directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves depending on frequency and form). The transmitting antenna converts the high-frequency current or guided wave (energy) into radio waves—free electromagnetic waves (energy)—radiating them into the surrounding space. At the receiving end, radio waves (energy) are converted by the receiving antenna into high-frequency current or guided wave (energy), which is transmitted to the receiver via the feeding device. From the above process, it can be seen that the antenna is not only a device for radiating and receiving radio waves, but also an energy converter, serving as the interface device between the circuit and space.

Funke electrical component classification

Based on the power supply used, motors can be classified into DC motors and AC motors. AC motors are further divided into single-phase motors and three-phase motors. According to their structure and operating principles, motors can be categorized as DC motors, asynchronous motors, and synchronous motors. Synchronous motors can also be subdivided into permanent magnet synchronous motors, reluctance synchronous motors, and hysteresis synchronous motors. Asynchronous motors include induction motors and AC commutator motors. Induction motors are further classified into three-phase asynchronous motors, split-phase asynchronous motors, and shaded-pole asynchronous motors. AC commutator motors are divided into single-phase series-wound motors, universal motors (AC/DC), and repulsion motors. Based on starting and running methods, motors can be classified as capacitor-start single-phase asynchronous motors, capacitor-run single-phase asynchronous motors, capacitor start-and-run single-phase asynchronous motors, and split-phase single-phase asynchronous motors. Motors can also be categorized by application into drive motors and control motors. Drive motors are further divided into motors for power tools, household appliances, and other general-purpose small mechanical equipment. Control motors include stepper motors and servo motors, among others. Based on rotor structure, motors can be classified as squirrel-cage induction motors and wound-rotor induction motors. Finally, motors can be categorized by operating speed into high-speed motors, low-speed motors, constant-speed motors, and variable-speed motors.

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