ELEMAN electrical components, German ELEMAN models, ELEMAN prices

ELEMAN electrical components are electronic devices with three terminals, made from three semiconductor regions with different doping levels. Charge flow in the transistor is primarily due to the diffusion and drift of carriers at the PN junction. The operation of this transistor involves the flow of both electrons and holes, so it is called bipolar, also known as a bipolar junction transistor. This mode of operation differs from unipolar transistors such as field-effect transistors, whose operation involves only the drift of a single type of carrier. The boundary between the two differently doped regions is formed by the PN junction. Bipolar transistors can amplify signals and offer good power control, high-speed operation, and durability, so they are often used to build amplifier circuits or drive devices such as speakers and motors, and are widely applied in aerospace engineering, medical devices, robotics, and other products.

ELEMAN electrical component classification

Printed circuit boards are broadly classified into single-sided, double-sided, and multilayer boards based on the number of layers. First, single-sided boards: on the most basic PCB, components are concentrated on one side, while conductive traces are on the other. Because traces appear on only one side, this type of PCB is called a single-sided printed circuit board. Single-sided boards are typically simple to manufacture and low in cost, but their drawback is that they cannot be used for highly complex products. Double-sided boards are an extension of single-sided boards; when single-layer routing cannot meet the needs of electronic products, double-sided boards are used. Both sides have copper cladding and traces, and vias can connect circuits between the two layers to form the required network connections. Multilayer boards refer to printed circuit boards formed by laminating more than three conductive graphic layers with insulating materials in between, with interconnections between the conductive graphics as required. Multilayer printed circuit boards are the result of the development of electronic information technology toward higher speed, multifunctionality, larger capacity, smaller size, thinner profiles, and lighter weight. Based on characteristics, circuit boards are classified into flexible boards (FPC), rigid boards (PCB), and rigid-flex boards (FPCB).

ELEMAN electrical component classification

Thyristors have various classification methods: (1) Classification by turn-off, turn-on, and control methods: Thyristors can be divided into conventional thyristors, bidirectional thyristors, reverse-conducting thyristors, gate-turn-off thyristors, BTG thyristors, temperature-controlled thyristors, and light-controlled thyristors, among others. (2) Classification by pins and polarity: Thyristors can be divided into two-pin thyristors, three-pin thyristors, and four-pin thyristors based on their pins and polarity. (3) Classification by package type: Thyristors can be divided into metal-packaged, plastic-molded, and ceramic-packaged types. Among these, metal-packaged thyristors include bolt-type, flat-type, and round-case types, among others; plastic-molded thyristors are divided into types with heat sinks and without heat sinks. (4) Classification by current capacity: Thyristors can be divided into high-power, medium-power, and low-power types. Typically, high-power thyristors mostly use metal case packaging, while medium- and low-power thyristors mostly use plastic molding or ceramic packaging. (5) Classification by turn-off speed: Thyristors can be divided into conventional thyristors and high-frequency (fast) thyristors based on their turn-off speed. (6) Zero-crossing triggering - generally for power regulation, i.e., triggering occurs when the phase of the sinusoidal AC voltage crosses zero; triggering must occur at the zero crossing to turn on the thyristor. (7) Non-zero-crossing triggering - the thyristor can be triggered and turned on regardless of the AC voltage phase; common examples include phase-shift triggering, which changes the output percentage by altering the conduction angle (phase angle) of the sinusoidal AC.

ELEMAN electrical component classification

1, fuse resistors: Also called fusible resistors, they serve the dual function of a resistor and a fuse under normal conditions. When a circuit fault causes their power dissipation to exceed the rated power, they blow like a fuse, disconnecting the circuit. Fuse resistors generally have low resistance values and low power ratings. 3, sensitive resistors: These exhibit sensitivity in their resistance value to certain physical quantities (such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, voltage, mechanical force, and gas concentration). When these physical quantities change, the resistance of the sensitive resistor changes accordingly, presenting different resistance values. Based on sensitivity to different physical quantities, sensitive resistors can be classified into thermistors, humidity-sensitive resistors, photoresistors, varistors, force-sensitive resistors, magnetoresistors, and gas-sensitive resistors. The materials used for sensitive resistors are almost all semiconductors, so these resistors are also called semiconductor resistors. The resistance of a thermistor changes with temperature; those whose resistance decreases as temperature rises are negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors. NTC thermistors are widely used and can be further divided into general-purpose NTC thermistors, voltage-stabilizing NTC thermistors, and temperature-measuring NTC thermistors. The resistance of a photoresistor changes with the intensity of incident light; when incident light increases, the resistance of the photoresistor decreases, and when incident light weakens, the resistance increases.

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