Glomex electrical components German Glomex models Glomex prices

Glomex electrical components refer to electronic components that can open a circuit, interrupt current flow, or direct it to other circuits. The most common switches are manually operated electromechanical devices with one or more electrical contacts. "Closed" contacts indicate conduction, allowing current to flow; "open" switches indicate non-conduction, forming an open circuit and preventing current flow. The simplest switch consists of two metal pieces called "contacts"; when they touch, current forms a loop, and when they do not, the current path is open. When selecting contact metals, their resistance to corrosion must be considered, as most metals form insulating oxides after oxidation, preventing normal contact operation. Selection also requires considering electrical conductivity, hardness, mechanical strength, cost, and toxicity. Contacts are sometimes plated with corrosion-resistant metals, typically on the contact surface, to avoid performance degradation due to oxides. Non-metallic conductive materials, such as conductive plastics, are sometimes used for contact surfaces. In addition to contacts, switches have moving parts that make or break the connection. Switches are classified by their moving parts, such as lever switches, push-button switches, and rocker switches, while the moving parts can also be other types of mechanical linkages.

Glomex electrical component characteristics

(1) Volt-ampere characteristics: When a forward voltage is applied to a diode, the current is extremely small at low voltage values. When the voltage exceeds a certain value, the current begins to increase exponentially. This is usually called the diode's turn-on voltage, at which the diode is in a fully conducting state, often referred to as the conduction voltage. For germanium diodes, when a reverse voltage is applied, the current is extremely small at low voltage values, known as the reverse saturation current. When the reverse voltage exceeds a certain value, the current increases sharply, known as reverse breakdown, and this voltage is called the reverse breakdown voltage. Breakdown voltages vary significantly among different diode models, ranging from tens to thousands of volts. (2) Forward characteristics: When a forward voltage is applied, in the initial part of the forward characteristic, the forward voltage is too small to overcome the blocking effect of the electric field within the PN junction, so the forward current is almost zero. This region is called the dead zone. The forward voltage that cannot cause the diode to conduct is called the dead-zone voltage. When the forward voltage exceeds the dead-zone voltage, the electric field within the PN junction is overcome, and the diode conducts forward, with current rising rapidly as voltage increases. Within the normal operating current range, the terminal voltage of the conducting diode remains nearly constant; this voltage is called the forward voltage of the diode. When the forward voltage across the diode exceeds a certain value, the internal electric field is quickly weakened, and the characteristic current grows rapidly, causing the diode to conduct forward. This is called the threshold voltage or cut-in voltage. (3) Reverse characteristics: When the applied reverse voltage does not exceed a certain range, the current through the diode is a reverse current formed by the drift motion of minority carriers. Since the reverse current is very small, the diode is in the cutoff state. This reverse current is also called reverse saturation current or leakage current, and it is greatly affected by temperature. Generally, the reverse current of silicon diodes is much smaller than that of germanium diodes. The reverse saturation current of low-power silicon diodes is in the order of nA, while that of low-power germanium diodes is in the order of μA. As temperature rises, semiconductors are thermally excited, the number of minority carriers increases, and the reverse saturation current also increases. (4) Breakdown characteristics: When the applied reverse voltage exceeds a certain value, the reverse current suddenly increases. This phenomenon is called electrical breakdown. The critical voltage causing electrical breakdown is called the diode reverse breakdown voltage. During electrical breakdown, the diode loses its unidirectional conductivity. If the diode does not overheat due to electrical breakdown, its unidirectional conductivity may not be permanently destroyed, and its performance can recover after the external voltage is removed; otherwise, the diode is damaged. Therefore, excessive reverse voltage should be avoided during use. Reverse breakdown is mechanistically divided into Zener breakdown and avalanche breakdown. In cases of high doping concentration, the barrier region width is very small. At higher reverse voltages, the covalent bond structure within the barrier region is destroyed, freeing valence electrons from covalent bonds and generating electron-hole pairs, causing a sharp increase in current. This is called Zener breakdown. If the doping concentration is lower and the barrier region is wider, Zener breakdown is less likely to occur. Another type is avalanche breakdown. When the reverse voltage increases to a large value, the external electric field accelerates electron drift speed, causing collisions with valence electrons in covalent bonds. This knocks valence electrons out of covalent bonds, generating new electron-hole pairs. The newly generated electron-hole pairs are accelerated by the electric field and collide with other valence electrons, causing an avalanche-like increase in carriers and a sharp increase in current. This is called avalanche breakdown. Regardless of the breakdown type, if the current is not limited, it may cause permanent damage to the PN junction. (5) Reverse current: Reverse current refers to the current flowing through the diode at ambient temperature and maximum reverse voltage. The smaller the reverse current, the better the unidirectional conductivity of the device. It is worth noting that reverse current is closely related to temperature; it doubles with temperature rise. Therefore, silicon diodes have better stability at high temperatures than germanium diodes. (6) Dynamic resistance: The ratio of the change in voltage to the corresponding change in current near the static operating point on the diode characteristic curve. (7) Voltage temperature coefficient: The voltage temperature coefficient refers to the relative change in stable voltage for every one-degree Celsius increase in temperature. (8) Maximum operating frequency: The maximum operating frequency is the upper frequency limit for diode operation. Like the PN junction, the diode's junction capacitance consists of barrier capacitance. Therefore, the maximum operating frequency mainly depends on the size of the PN junction capacitance. If this value is exceeded, unidirectional conductivity will be affected. (9) Maximum rectified current: Maximum rectified current refers to the maximum allowable average forward current when the diode operates continuously for a long period. Its value is related to the PN junction area and external heat dissipation conditions. Current flow causes heating of the die, raising the temperature. If the temperature exceeds the permissible limit, the die will overheat and be damaged. Therefore, under specified heat dissipation conditions, the diode must not exceed its maximum rectified current value during use.(10) Maximum reverse working voltage: When the reverse voltage applied across the diode reaches a certain high value, the device will break down and lose its unidirectional conductivity. To ensure safe operation, a maximum reverse working voltage value is specified.

Glomex electrical component features

Mercury switches achieve switching by moving mercury enclosed in a glass or metal housing. Compared with mechanical switches, mercury switches have many characteristics: (1) They can be used in harsh environmental conditions. Since mercury switches are sealed, the internal mercury is isolated from the outside, allowing use in environments with oil, steam, dust, and corrosive gases. (2) Small external force is required for switching. Mercury is the only metal that remains liquid at room temperature. It has high surface tension and specific gravity. A slight tilt caused by minimal external force moves the mercury, achieving switching. (3) Mercury has good conductivity, and the contact resistance between mercury switch electrodes is generally very small. (4) The current allowed through a mercury switch depends on the electrode material. (5) Since switching is determined by the gravity of the mercury, it can operate reliably for long periods. (6) The electrode contacts are liquid, producing no noise. (7) Since mercury can flow, the switch can turn on or off when acceleration exceeds a set value, making it suitable as a vibration-sensitive element. (8) Small size, diverse forms, and fully sealed construction. (9) Simple structure and low price. (10) High quality and excellent products, suitable for beginners.

Glomex electrical component classification

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can be further divided into ordinary monochrome LEDs, high-brightness LEDs, ultra-high-brightness LEDs, color-changing LEDs, flashing LEDs, voltage-controlled LEDs, infrared LEDs, and negative-resistance LEDs. The control modes for LED include constant current and constant voltage. There are various dimming methods, such as analog dimming and PWM dimming. Most LED adopt constant current control to maintain stable LED current, making it less susceptible to changes in VF, thereby extending the service life of LED lighting fixtures.

Weidou Intelligent Technology specializes in selling German Glomex connectors, Glomex switches, Glomex relays, Glomex controllers, Glomex plugs, Glomex sensors, Glomex resistors, Glomex capacitors, Glomex buses, Glomex modules, Glomex cables, Glomex power supplies, Glomex interfaces, Glomex gateways, and Glomex circuit breakers. Glomex products are original imports from Germany. Customers are welcome to inquire and place orders.