KABELOVNADECINP electrical components Germany KABELOVNADECINP model KABELOVNADECINP price

KABELOVNADECINP electrical component is a current-limiting element. After connecting the resistor in the circuit, the resistance value is fixed, generally with two pins, and it can limit the current magnitude through the branch to which it is connected. A resistor whose resistance value cannot be changed is called a fixed resistor. A resistor whose resistance value can be changed is called a potentiometer or variable resistor. An ideal resistor is linear, meaning the instantaneous current through the resistor is proportional to the applied instantaneous voltage. Variable resistors used for voltage division. On the bare resistive body, one or two movable metal contacts are pressed tightly. The contact position determines the resistance between either end of the resistive body and the contact. It is a two-terminal device where terminal voltage and current have a definite functional relationship, reflecting the ability to convert electrical energy into other forms, represented by the letter R, with the unit Ohm Ω. Actual devices such as light bulbs, heating wires, and resistors can all be represented as resistor elements. The resistance value of a resistive element is generally related to temperature, material, length, and cross-sectional area. The physical quantity measuring the extent to which resistance is affected by temperature is the temperature coefficient, defined as the percentage change in resistance value when the temperature increases by 1 ℃. The main physical characteristic of a resistor is converting electrical energy into thermal energy; it can also be said to be a dissipative element, generating internal energy as current passes through it. Resistors typically serve voltage division and current shunting roles in circuits. For signals, both AC and DC signals can pass through resistors.

KABELOVNADECINP electrical component applications

Inductors in circuits mainly perform filtering, oscillation, delay, and wave trap functions, as well as signal screening, noise filtering, current stabilization, and suppression of electromagnetic interference. The most common function of an inductor in a circuit is to form an LC filter circuit together with a capacitor. Capacitors have the characteristic of "blocking DC and passing AC," while inductors have the function of "passing DC and blocking AC." If DC power accompanied by many interference signals passes through an LC filter circuit, the AC interference signals will be converted into thermal energy by the inductor and consumed; when the relatively pure DC current passes through the inductor, the AC interference signals within it are also converted into magnetic induction and thermal energy. Higher frequencies are most easily impeded by the inductor's impedance, thereby suppressing higher-frequency interference signals. Inductors have the characteristic of blocking AC while allowing DC to pass smoothly; the higher the frequency, the greater the coil impedance. Therefore, the main functions of inductors are isolating and filtering AC signals, or forming resonant circuits with capacitors, resistors, etc.

KABELOVNADECINP electrical component types

1. A rotating thermometer is made from a coiled bimetallic strip. One end of the bimetallic strip is fixed, and the other end is connected to a pointer. Due to different expansion rates of the two metals, the degree of coiling of the bimetallic strip varies at different temperatures, causing the pointer to indicate different positions on the dial. The temperature can be determined from the reading on the dial. 2. The resistance change of semiconductor thermometers differs from that of metals; as temperature rises, their resistance decreases, and the magnitude of change is relatively large. Therefore, even small temperature changes can cause significant changes in resistance, resulting in thermometers with high precision, often called thermistors. 3. A thermocouple thermometer consists of two different metals connected to a sensitive voltmeter. At different temperatures, the metal junction produces different potential differences at the two ends of the metals. The potential difference is very small, so a sensitive voltmeter is required to measure it. The temperature can be determined from the voltmeter reading. 4. Optical pyrometer: When an object's temperature is high enough to emit a large amount of visible light, its temperature can be determined by measuring the amount of thermal radiation. This type of thermometer is an optical pyrometer. This thermometer is mainly composed of a telescope equipped with a red filter and a circuit containing a small bulb, a galvanometer, and a variable resistor. Before use, establish the relationship between the temperature corresponding to different filament brightness levels and the readings on the galvanometer. During use, align the telescope with the object to be measured and adjust the resistor until the bulb's brightness matches that of the object. At this point, the temperature of the object can be read from the galvanometer. 5. Liquid crystal thermometers made with different formulations have different phase transition temperatures. When they undergo phase transition, their optical properties change, causing the liquid crystal to appear to change color. If liquid crystals with different phase transition temperatures are coated on a piece of paper, the temperature can be determined by the color change of the liquid crystal. The advantage of this thermometer is easy reading, while the disadvantage is insufficient precision. It is commonly used in ornamental fish tanks to indicate water temperature. 15. Digital thermometers use temperature sensors to convert (temperature) into digital signals, which are then displayed in numerical form via a display (such as LCD, digital tube, LED matrix, etc.). They can quickly and accurately measure the maximum human body temperature. Compared with traditional mercury thermometers, they offer advantages such as convenient digital reading, short measurement time, high measurement accuracy, memory function, and audible alerts. In particular, digital thermometers do not contain mercury, making them harmless to the human body and the surrounding environment, and especially suitable for use in hospitals and homes.

KABELOVNADECINP electrical component characteristics

The static characteristics of a sensor refer to the relationship between the output and input quantities for static input signals. Since the input and output quantities are independent of time in this case, their relationship, i.e., the static characteristics of the sensor, can be described by an algebraic equation without time variables, or by a characteristic curve plotted with the input quantity as the abscissa and the corresponding output quantity as the ordinate. The main parameters characterizing the static characteristics of a sensor include: linearity, sensitivity, hysteresis, repeatability, drift, etc. ① Linearity: Refers to the degree to which the actual relationship curve between the sensor's output and input deviates from the fitted straight line. It is defined as the ratio of the maximum deviation between the actual characteristic curve and the fitted straight line over the full scale range to the full-scale output value. ② Sensitivity: Sensitivity is an important indicator of a sensor's static characteristics. It is defined as the ratio of the increment in output quantity to the corresponding increment in input quantity that causes this increment. Use S to represent sensitivity. ③ Hysteresis: Hysteresis is the phenomenon where the input-output characteristic curves do not coincide during the change of input quantity from small to large (forward stroke) and from large to small (reverse stroke). For the same magnitude of input signal, the output signal magnitudes for the forward and reverse strokes of the sensor are not equal; this difference is called the hysteresis difference. ④ Repeatability: Repeatability refers to the degree of inconsistency in the characteristic curves obtained when the sensor's input quantity undergoes continuous multiple full-scale changes in the same direction. ⑤ Drift: Sensor drift refers to the phenomenon where the sensor's output quantity changes over time while the input quantity remains constant. There are two reasons for drift: one is the sensor's own structural parameters; the other is the surrounding environment (such as temperature, humidity, etc.). ⑥ Resolution: When the sensor's input slowly increases from a non-zero value, the output undergoes an observable change after exceeding a certain increment. This input increment is called the sensor's resolution, i.e., the minimum input increment. ⑦ Threshold: When the sensor's input slowly increases from zero, the output undergoes an observable change after reaching a certain value. This input value is called the sensor's threshold voltage.

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