steinel electrical components Germany steinel model steinel price

steinel electrical components are instruments that measure by converting high primary current to low secondary current based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. A current transformer consists of a closed iron core and windings. Its primary winding has very few turns and is connected in series with the circuit where the current needs to be measured. Therefore, the full current of the line often flows through it. The secondary winding has many turns and is connected in series with measuring instruments and protection circuits. When the current transformer is in operation, its secondary circuit is always closed, so the impedance of the coils in series with the measuring instruments and protection circuits is very small, and the operating condition of the current transformer is close to a short circuit. The current transformer converts high primary current to low secondary current for measurement; the secondary side must not be open-circuited. The principle of the current transformer is based on electromagnetic induction. A current transformer consists of a closed iron core and windings. Its primary winding has very few turns and is connected in series with the circuit where the current needs to be measured, so the full current of the line often flows through it. The secondary winding has many turns and is connected in series with measuring instruments and protection circuits. When the current transformer is in operation, its secondary circuit is always closed, so the impedance of the coils in series with the measuring instruments and protection circuits is very small, and the operating condition of the current transformer is close to a short circuit.

steinel electrical component principles

The basic principle of a multimeter is to use a sensitive magnetoelectric DC ammeter (microammeter) as the meter head. When a small current passes through the meter head, there will be a current indication. However, the meter head cannot pass large currents, so resistors must be connected in parallel and in series with the meter head to shunt or reduce voltage, thereby measuring the current, voltage, and resistance in the circuit. The measurement process of a digital multimeter involves a conversion circuit converting the measured quantity into a DC voltage signal, then an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter converting the analog voltage into a digital quantity, which is then counted by an electronic counter, and finally the measurement result is directly displayed numerically on the display screen. The functions of measuring voltage, current, and resistance with a multimeter are realized through the conversion circuit part, while the measurement of current and resistance is based on voltage measurement. In other words, a digital multimeter is expanded from a digital DC voltmeter. The digital DC voltmeter's A/D converter transforms the continuously changing analog voltage over time into a digital quantity, which is then counted by an electronic counter to obtain the measurement result, and the decoding display circuit displays the measurement result. The logic control circuit coordinates the work of the circuits, completing the entire measurement process in sequence under the action of the clock.

steinel electrical component principles

The basic working principle of fiber optic sensors is to send light from a light source through an optical fiber into a modulator, causing the optical properties of the light (such as intensity, wavelength, frequency, phase, polarization state, etc.) to change after interacting with the parameter to be measured in the modulation region. This is called the modulated signal light, and the measurement is completed by utilizing the influence of the measured quantity on the transmission characteristics of the light. There are two types of measurement principles for fiber optic sensors: (1) Physical property type fiber optic sensor principle. Physical property type fiber optic sensors utilize the sensitivity of the optical fiber to environmental changes to convert input physical quantities into modulated optical signals. Its working principle is based on the optical modulation effect of the optical fiber, i.e., the phenomenon where its light transmission characteristics, such as phase and light intensity, change when external environmental factors such as temperature, pressure, electric field, magnetic field, etc., change. Therefore, if the changes in light phase and light intensity passing through the optical fiber can be measured, the changes in the measured physical quantity can be known. This type of sensor is also called a sensitive element type or functional fiber optic sensor. The point source beam of the laser is diffused into parallel waves and split into two paths by a beam splitter: one is the reference path, and the other is the measurement path. External parameters (temperature, pressure, vibration, etc.) cause changes in the length of the optical fiber and the optical phase, thereby generating different numbers of interference fringes. Counting their lateral movement allows the measurement of temperature or pressure. (9) Structural type fiber optic sensor principle. Structural type fiber optic sensors are measurement systems composed of light detection elements (sensitive elements), optical fiber transmission loops, and measurement circuits. Since the optical fiber serves only as the medium for light propagation, it is also called a light-transmitting type or non-functional fiber optic sensor.

steinel electrical component parameters

The main parameters of a potentiometer include nominal resistance, rated power, resolution, sliding noise, resistance variation characteristic, wear resistance, zero-position resistance, and temperature coefficient. 1. Rated power: The maximum power allowed to be dissipated across the two fixed terminals of the potentiometer is the rated power of the potentiometer. Note that the rated power is not equal to the power between the center tap and the fixed terminal. The rated power of a potentiometer refers to the maximum power allowed to be consumed under long-term continuous load at the specified rated temperature when the atmospheric pressure is 87~107kPa. 2. Nominal resistance: The nominal resistance marked on the product, whose series is similar to that of resistors. 3. Permissible error class: The error range between the measured resistance and the nominal resistance allows errors of 20%, 10%, 5%, 2%, 1% depending on the precision class. The precision of precision potentiometers can reach 0.1%. 13. Resistance variation law: Refers to the relationship between the resistance change and the rotation angle (or sliding travel) of the sliding contact. This relationship can be in any functional form; commonly used ones are linear, logarithmic, and reverse logarithmic (exponential). In use, linear potentiometers are suitable as voltage dividers; reverse logarithmic (exponential) potentiometers are suitable as volume controllers in radios, recorders, phonographs, and televisions. If a similar product cannot be found during maintenance, a linear type can be used as a substitute, but a logarithmic type should not be used. Logarithmic potentiometers are only suitable for tone control, etc.

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