Murr MVK-MPNIO DIO14 DIO2/IOL2 M12L 4P Part No. Murr 55161 Murr bus module distribution

Murr 55161 bus module is the public communication backbone for transmitting information between various functional components of a computer. It is a transmission line bundle composed of wires. According to the types of information transmitted by the computer, computer buses can be divided into data buses, address buses, and control buses, which are used to transmit data, data addresses, and control signals, respectively. A bus is an internal structure; it is the common channel for information transfer between the cpu, memory, input, and output devices. The various components of the host are connected via the bus, and external devices are connected to the bus through corresponding interface circuits, thereby forming the computer hardware system. In a computer system, the public path for transmitting information between components is called the bus. Microcomputers connect various functional components using a bus structure. In this bus topology network structure, all devices are directly connected to the bus. The medium used is generally coaxial cable (including thick and thin cables), although optical fiber is now also used as a bus-type transmission medium. For example, the ATM network and the networks adopted by Cable Modem belong to bus-type network structures. Bus module

Murr 55161 bus module characteristics

Since the bus is a set of signal lines connecting various components, information is represented by signals on the signal lines, and the implementation of operations is defined by agreeing on the sequence of different signals. The characteristics of the bus are as follows: 1) Physical characteristics: Also known as mechanical characteristics, these refer to the properties exhibited during the physical connection of components on the bus, such as the geometric dimensions, shape, number of pins, and arrangement order of plugs and sockets. 2) Functional characteristics: This refers to the function of each signal line. For example, the address bus is used to represent address codes. The data bus is used to represent transmitted data, and the control bus represents commands, states, etc., for operations on the bus. 3) Electrical characteristics: This refers to the signal direction on each signal line and the voltage level range representing valid signals. Typically, signals sent by the master device (such as CPU) are called output signals (OUT), and signals sent into the master device are called input signals (IN). Usually, for data and address signals, a high level is defined as logic 1 and a low level as logic 0. There is no customary convention for control signals; for example, WE indicates active low, and Ready indicates active high. There is no unified regulation for the high and low voltage level ranges of different buses; they are usually consistent with TTL. 4) Timing characteristics: Also known as logical characteristics, this refers to when signals on each signal line are valid during bus operations. By defining the timing relationship of valid signals, correct bus operation is ensured. To improve computer scalability and the universality of components and devices, in addition to on-chip buses, components or devices are connected to the bus in a standardized form, and information transmission on the bus is implemented in a standardized manner. These standardized connection forms and operation methods of the bus are collectively referred to as bus standards. Examples include ISA, PCI, and USB bus standards. Correspondingly, buses adopting these standards are ISA bus, PCI bus, and USB bus.

Murr 55161 bus module classification

Buses can be divided into five major types according to function and specification: Data Bus (Data Bus): Transmits data to be processed or stored back and forth between the CPU and RAM. Address Bus (Address Bus): Used to specify the address of data stored in RAM (Random Access Memory). Control Bus (Control Bus): Transmits signals from the microprocessor control unit (Control Unit) to peripheral devices. Expansion Bus (Expansion Bus): A bus for data communication between external devices and the computer host, such as ISA bus and PCI bus. Local Bus (Local Bus): Replaces expansion buses for higher-speed data transmission. Among these, the data bus DB (Data Bus), address bus AB (Address Bus), and control bus CB (Control Bus) are collectively referred to as the system bus, commonly known as the bus. In some systems, the data bus and address bus are multiplexed, meaning the signals on the bus represent data at certain times and addresses at others; in other systems, they are separate. The address and data buses of the 51 series microcontrollers are multiplexed, whereas buses in general PC systems are separate. "Data bus DB" is used to transmit data information. The data bus is a bidirectional tri-state bus, meaning it can transmit data from the CPU to memory or other components such as I/O interfaces, and can also transmit data from other components to the CPU. The bit width of the data bus is an important indicator of a microcomputer and is usually consistent with the word length of the microprocessor. For example, the Intel 8086 microprocessor has a word length of 16 bits, and its data bus width is also 16 bits. It should be noted that the meaning of data is broad; it can be actual data, instruction code, or status information, and sometimes even control information. Therefore, in practical work, what is transmitted on the data bus is not necessarily only data in the strict sense.

Murr 55161 bus module operation

A bus operation process completes the transmission of information between two modules. The operation is initiated by the master module, and the other is the slave module. At any given time, only one master module can occupy the bus. Bus operation steps: The master module requests bus control, and the bus controller makes the arbitration. Bus operation steps: After obtaining bus control, the master module addresses the slave module, and data transmission occurs after confirmation by the slave module. Error checking for data transmission. Bus timing protocols: Timing protocols ensure synchronized operation and correct transmission between both parties. There are three types of timing protocols: Synchronous bus timing: All modules on the bus share the same clock pulse for controlling the operation process. All actions of each module occur at the beginning of a clock cycle, and most actions are completed within one clock cycle. Asynchronous bus timing: The occurrence of an operation is determined by specific signals from the source or destination module. The occurrence of an event on the bus depends on the previous event, with both parties providing handshake signals. Semi-synchronous bus timing: The time intervals between operations on the bus can vary but must be integer multiples of the clock cycle. Signal appearance, sampling, and termination are still based on the common clock. ISA bus adopts this timing method. Data transmission types: Divided into single-cycle mode and burst (burst) mode. Single-cycle mode: Only one data item is transmitted per bus cycle. Burst mode: Multiple data items are transmitted after obtaining master line control. Provided during addressing.

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