German PAULSTRA springs PAULSTRA models PAULSTRA prices

PAULSTRA springs are commonly used in wheeled vehicle suspensions. Originally known as laminated or bracket springs, and sometimes as semi-elliptical or cart springs, they are one of the oldest forms of springs, dating back to the Middle Ages. Leaf springs consist of long, arc-shaped spring steel with a rectangular cross-section. In the most common configuration, the center of the arc provides the axle location, while loops formed at either end attach to the vehicle chassis. For very heavy vehicles, leaf springs can be made from multiple leaves stacked together, typically with progressively shorter leaves. Leaf springs can be used for positioning, a degree of damping, and spring function. Although interleaf friction provides damping, it is poorly controlled and results in static friction during suspension movement. For this reason, some manufacturers have begun using mono-leaf springs. Leaf springs can be connected directly to the frame at both ends, or directly at one end (usually the front), with the other end connected via a shackle or short swing arm. The tension strap counteracts the tendency of the leaves to elongate under compression, thereby making the spring action softer. Some springs terminate in a recessed end, known as a spoon end (rarely used), designed to support rotating components.

PAULSTRA spring features

1) High stiffness and strong shock absorption capacity; capable of bearing heavy loads with small deformation, suitable for applications with limited axial space. 2) Features variable stiffness characteristics, offering a wide range of nonlinear properties. 3) Using the same disc springs in different combinations allows spring characteristics to vary significantly. Combinations can be arranged in opposing or nested configurations, or by combining different thicknesses and numbers of discs. 4) When nested, for the same deformation, the greater the number of springs, the higher the load capacity. 5) Short stroke, heavy load, compact space requirement, flexible combination options, easy maintenance and replacement, economical, high safety, and long service life.

PAULSTRA spring materials

Disc springs are mostly manufactured from cold-rolled or hot-rolled strip steel, plates, or forged blanks (forging ratio not less than 3). Common materials include spring steels such as 60S2MA and 50CVA. For thicknesses less than 1.1, high-carbon steel may also be used. Performance requirements for disc spring materials dictate that after heat treatment, they must possess high ultimate strength, yield strength, elastic limit, and fatigue limit, while also requiring high impact toughness, plasticity, and a high yield-to-tensile strength ratio. To meet these performance criteria, high-quality cold-rolled or hot-rolled steel strips or plates are widely used domestically and internationally. For disc springs with thicknesses greater than 6 mm, forged blanks are employed, primarily using medium-carbon low-alloy spring steels (silicon-manganese or chromium-vanadium spring steels) and high-quality carbon spring steels. Due to the high silicon-manganese content and low chromium-vanadium availability in China, disc springs mainly use 60Si2MnA. Comparing the two, 50CrVA offers better hardenability, temper stability, and impact toughness than 60Si2MnA, but 50CrVA is more expensive and suitable for applications with high fatigue requirements.

PAULSTRA spring compensation method for controlling springback

The compensation method for controlling springback involves adjusting the geometric shape and dimensions of the die's working parts based on the direction and magnitude of the bent part's springback, thereby compensating for springback after bending. For example, for U-shaped parts with significant bending, the punch face or stripper plate surface can be made arc-shaped, or the punch and die can be made with inclined surfaces at a specific angle. This allows the deformation generated at the arc or inclined areas during unloading to compensate for the springback deformation at the two corners. Extending this concept, the bending compensation method can be used to bend workpieces that are difficult to form using conventional methods. For the shape shown in Figure 8, where both sides are tightly closed with no forming space, bending can be achieved using deformation springback and correction compensation methods.

Weidou Intelligent Technology specializes in selling German PAULSTRA compression springs, PAULSTRA extension springs, PAULSTRA helical springs, PAULSTRA wave springs, PAULSTRA constant force springs, PAULSTRA torsion springs, PAULSTRA bending springs, PAULSTRA disc springs, PAULSTRA ring springs, PAULSTRA leaf springs, PAULSTRA torsion bar springs, PAULSTRA tension springs, PAULSTRA retaining rings, PAULSTRA tension springs, PAULSTRA die springs, all original imports from Germany. We welcome inquiries and orders from customers.