German norelem springs norelem models norelem prices

norelem springs are commonly used in wheeled vehicle suspensions. Initially known as laminated or bracket springs, and sometimes as semi-elliptical or cart springs, they are one of the oldest spring forms, dating back to the Middle Ages. Leaf springs consist of long, arc-shaped spring steel strips with a rectangular cross-section. In the most common configuration, the center of the arc provides the axle location, while loops formed at either end attach to the vehicle chassis. For very heavy vehicles, leaf springs can be made from multiple leaves stacked together, typically with progressively shorter leaves. Leaf springs can be used for positioning, a degree of damping, and spring function. Although interleaf friction provides damping, it is poorly controlled and results in static friction during suspension movement. For this reason, some manufacturers have begun using single-leaf springs. Leaf springs can be connected directly to the frame at both ends, or directly at one end (usually the front), with the other end connected via a shackle or short swing arm. The tension creates a tendency for the leaves to elongate under compression, thereby making the elasticity softer. Some springs terminate in a recessed end, called a spoon end (rarely used), for supporting rotating components.

norelem spring features

1) High stiffness and strong shock absorption capability; can withstand heavy loads with small deformation, suitable for applications with limited axial space. 2) Features variable stiffness characteristics; this spring has a wide range of nonlinear properties. 3) Using the same disc springs in different combinations allows spring characteristics to vary over a wide range. Combinations such as face-to-face or stacked arrangements can be adopted, as well as combinations with different thicknesses and numbers of discs. 4) When stacked, for the same deformation, the greater the number of springs, the higher the load. 5) Short stroke, heavy load, small space requirement, convenient combination, easy maintenance and replacement, economical, high safety, and long service life.

norelem spring classification

1) Torsion springs: Torsion springs (torsional springs) utilize the principle of leverage, storing significant mechanical energy through the twisting or rotation of elastic materials with softness and high toughness. They are springs that withstand torsional deformation, with working coils either closely wound or spaced apart. The ends of torsion springs are processed into various shapes of torque arms, ranging from single to double torsion, and even various torsion bar deformations, formed according to design requirements. Torsion springs are commonly used in balancing mechanisms in machinery and are widely applied in industrial production such as automobiles, machine tools, and electrical appliances. 2) Compression springs: Compression springs are helical springs that withstand axial pressure. Springs are generally classified into constant-pitch and variable-pitch types. Shapes of compression springs include cylindrical, conical, convex, concave, and a small number of non-circular forms. There is a certain gap between the coils of compression springs; when subjected to external loads, the spring contracts and deforms, storing deformation energy. Variable-pitch springs are becoming more common, not just constant-pitch springs, allowing variable-pitch springs to perform differently in various environments. 3) Carbon nanotube springs: Carbon nanotube springs can have diameters up to hundreds of micrometers and lengths up to several centimeters. Their spun structure has broad application prospects, potentially applicable in stretchable conductors, flexible electrodes, micro strain sensors, supercapacitors, integrated circuits, solar cells, field emission sources, energy dissipation fibers, and more, providing the possibility of preparing visually visible carbon nanotube electronic devices. They are also expected to be used in medical devices, such as tension-sensing bandages. This new structure can also be developed into multifunctional carbon nanotube fiber composites for utilization. 4) Extension springs: Extension springs are helical springs that withstand axial tensile forces. Extension springs are generally manufactured from round cross-section materials. When not under load, the coils of extension springs are usually tightly closed with no gap. They work using the restoring force (tensile force) after stretching, used to control component movement, store energy, measure force magnitude, etc., and are widely used in machines and instruments. Hook forms include side-hook extension springs, long-hook extension springs, British-hook extension springs, German-hook extension springs, semi-circular hook extension springs, duck-bill hook extension springs, etc. Materials include stainless steel, music wire, high-carbon steel, phosphor bronze, beryllium copper, oil-tempered alloy spring steel, etc. 5) Air springs: Air springs are non-metallic springs that achieve elastic action by adding pressurized air into a flexible sealed container, utilizing the compressibility of air. They can be roughly divided into bladder type and diaphragm type. Air springs have excellent elastic characteristics; when used in suspension systems of high-end vehicles, they can greatly improve vehicle ride smoothness, thereby significantly enhancing running comfort. Therefore, air springs are widely used in automobiles and railway locomotives. In addition, due to many advantages compared to ordinary steel springs, they are also applied in some mechanical equipment and precision instruments.

norelem spring compensation method for controlling springback

The compensation method for controlling springback involves controlling the geometric shape and dimensions of the die's working parts based on the direction and magnitude of the bent part's springback, so that the springback after bending is compensated. For example, for U-shaped parts with significant bending, the punch face or stripper plate surface can be made arc-shaped, or the punch and die can be made with inclined surfaces at a certain angle. Thus, the deformation generated at the arc or inclined areas during unloading can compensate for the springback deformation at the two corners. Extending from this, the bending compensation method can bend workpieces that are difficult to bend using conventional methods. For the shape shown in Figure 8, the two sides are tightly close with no forming space. Using deformation springback and correction compensation methods, bending is possible.

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