German DELTA FLUID sensors, DELTA FLUID models, DELTA FLUID prices

DELTA FLUID sensors are sensors that can sense temperature and convert it into usable output signals. Temperature sensors are the core component of temperature measuring instruments and come in a wide variety. They can be divided into two major categories based on measurement method: contact and non-contact. Based on sensor materials and electronic component characteristics, they are classified into resistance thermometers and thermocouples.

Introduction to DELTA FLUID sensors

Sensors used in robots to mimic tactile functions. Tactile sense is an important sensory function when humans directly contact the external environment. Developing tactile sensors that meet requirements is one of the key technologies in robot development. With the development of microelectronics and the emergence of various organic materials, a variety of development schemes for tactile sensors have been proposed, but most are currently in the laboratory stage, with few achieving productization. Tactile sensors can be roughly divided by function into contact sensors, force-torque sensors, pressure sensors, and slip sensors.

DELTA FLUID sensor classification

Slip sensors are used to determine and measure the slippage of objects when a robot grips or handles them. They are essentially displacement sensors. Based on whether they have sliding direction detection functionality, they can be divided into three types: non-directional, single-directional, and omni-directional. 1) Non-directional sensors include probe-earphone types, which consist of sapphire probes, metal buffers, piezoelectric Rochelle salt crystals, and rubber buffers. Sliding causes the probe to vibrate, which is converted into corresponding electrical signals by the Rochelle salt. The buffer's role is to reduce noise. 2) Single-directional sensors include drum photoelectric types. Slippage of the gripped object causes the drum to rotate, leading to a photodiode receiving light signals transmitted through a code disk (mounted on the drum's circular face). The object's slippage is measured via the drum's rotation angle signal. 3) Omni-directional sensors use metal balls coated with insulating material and featuring a latitude-longitude distribution of conductive and non-conductive areas. When the sensor contacts an object and slips, the ball rotates, causing the conductive and non-conductive areas on the ball's surface to alternately contact electrodes, thereby generating on-off signals. By counting and judging these on-off signals, the magnitude and direction of slippage can be determined. This type of sensor requires high manufacturing precision.

DELTA FLUID sensor applications

Contact sensors are used to determine whether a robot (mainly referring to limbs) has contacted an external object or to measure the characteristics of the contacted object. Types of contact sensors include microswitches, conductive rubber, carbon-impregnated sponge, carbon fiber, and pneumatic reset devices. 1) Microswitch: Composed of a spring and a contact. When the contact touches an external object, it moves away from the base, breaking the signal circuit, thereby detecting contact with the external object. The advantage of this normally closed (always connected when not contacted) microswitch is ease of use and simple structure; the disadvantages are susceptibility to mechanical oscillation and contact oxidation. 2) Conductive rubber type: Uses conductive rubber as the sensitive element. When the contact touches an external object and is pressed, it compresses the conductive rubber, changing its resistance and thus altering the current flowing through it. The disadvantage of this sensor is that drift and hysteresis characteristics vary due to differences in conductive rubber material formulations; the advantage is flexibility. 3) Carbon-impregnated sponge type: Features an elastic body made of sponge mounted on a substrate, with carbon-impregnated sponge arranged in an array within the sponge. When contacting an object under pressure, the resistance of the carbon-impregnated sponge decreases. Measuring the current flowing through the carbon-impregnated sponge determines the pressure level. This sensor can also be used as a pressure sensor. Advantages include simple structure, good elasticity, and ease of use. Disadvantages are that the uniformity of carbon distribution directly affects measurement results, and recovery after pressure is poor. 4) Carbon fiber type: Uses carbon fiber as the top layer, a substrate as the bottom layer, and urethane with metal electrodes in between. When contacting an external object, the carbon fiber is pressed against the electrode, conducting electricity. The advantage is good flexibility, allowing installation on curved surfaces of robotic arms, but hysteresis is significant. 5) Pneumatic reset type: Features a flexible insulating surface that deforms under pressure and uses compressed air as the resetting force when contact is lost. When contacting an external object, the internal elastic bubble (beryllium copper foil) contacts the lower touchpoint to conduct electricity. Advantages include good flexibility and high reliability, but a compressed air source is required.

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