German GRAS sensors, GRAS models, GRAS pricing

GRAS sensor: a sensor that measures the air flow drawn into the engine. In electronically controlled gasoline injection engines, to achieve the optimal mixture concentration under various operating conditions, it is essential to accurately measure the amount of air drawn into the engine at every instant, using this as the primary basis for the ECU to calculate (control) the fuel injection quantity. If the air flow sensor or its wiring fails, the ECU will not receive the correct intake air signal, preventing normal control of fuel injection, which will result in a mixture that is too rich or too lean, causing abnormal engine operation.

GRAS sensor classification

Lasers can be classified into 4 types based on the working medium. (1) Solid-state lasers: the working medium is solid. Common examples include ruby lasers, neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet lasers (i.e., YAG lasers), and neodymium glass lasers. Their structures are broadly similar, characterized by compactness, robustness, and high power. Neodymium glass lasers deliver the highest pulsed output power, reaching tens of megawatts. (2) Gas lasers: the working medium is gas. Various gas atomic, ion, metal vapor, and gas molecular lasers are available. Common examples include carbon dioxide lasers, helium-neon lasers, and carbon monoxide lasers. They resemble standard discharge tubes, featuring stable output, good monochromaticity, and long service life, but have lower power and conversion efficiency. (3) Liquid lasers: these can be further divided into chelate lasers, inorganic liquid lasers, and organic dye lasers, with organic dye lasers being the most important; their key feature is continuously tunable wavelength. (4) Semiconductor lasers: a relatively newer type of laser, with gallium arsenide lasers being the more mature variant. Features include high efficiency, small size, light weight, and simple structure, making them suitable for carriage on aircraft, naval vessels, tanks, and by infantry. They can be made into rangefinders and sights. However, they have lower output power, poorer directivity, and are significantly affected by ambient temperature.

GRAS sensor principle

When a laser sensor operates, a laser diode emits laser pulses toward the target. After reflection from the target, the laser scatters in all directions. Part of the scattered light returns to the sensor receiver, where it is captured by the optical system and focused onto an avalanche photodiode. An avalanche photodiode is an optical sensor with internal amplification, enabling it to detect extremely weak light signals and convert them into corresponding electrical signals. A common type is the laser distance sensor, which determines the target distance by recording and processing the time elapsed from the emission of the light pulse to its reception. Laser sensors must measure the transmission time with extreme precision because the speed of light is very high.

GRAS sensor applications

Oversize vehicle width and height detection: Laser sensors are used for rapid measurement. An industrial PC and the network kernel of the visualization programming software VB enable real-time data transmission and processing with the sensors. User-friendly host control software has also been designed. Field test data show that the system offers good real-time performance and high measurement accuracy, providing practical value. Highway toll stations: Used at highway toll stations for vehicle counting and safety protection. Malaysia's Teras company has already deployed hundreds of BEA laser sensors in its manual and automatic toll collection systems. The laser sensors use the Time-of-Flight (TOF) measurement principle to form 4 planes within the detection area for vehicle detection. The product also features anti-rear-end collision and vehicle safety protection functions. Compared with traditional light curtains, laser sensors offer advantages such as high sensitivity, high precision, easy installation, cost-effectiveness, and strong stability. Google's second-generation driverless car: Equipped with laser sensors. In Google's second-generation autonomous vehicle prototype, while the top-mounted laser sensor remains quite prominent, other sensors are installed very discreetly. Distinctive Google driverless car logos are affixed to the front, rear, and both sides of the vehicle. The control and driving principle of the Google driverless car relies on numerous sensors installed around the vehicle to continuously collect precise data about the vehicle itself and its surroundings. The onboard processor analyzes and computes this data, then controls the vehicle's movement based on the results. The driverless car uses GPS devices and sensors to accurately determine the vehicle's position and forward speed, and to identify surrounding pedestrians, vehicles, bicycles, traffic signals, and many other objects. This Lexus vehicle features a 360° rotating laser holographic sensor on its roof, which can almost simultaneously sense conditions in front of, to the sides of, and behind the vehicle. Data collected by the sensor is transmitted via green data cables to the processor located at the right rear of the vehicle. This laser sensor also enables global precise positioning for the driverless car. The original L type Lexus emblem on the front of the car has been removed and replaced with a radar sensor, which measures distance ahead and vehicle speed to assess traffic conditions in front and control safe acceleration and deceleration. Position sensors are also installed on the wheel hubs to detect wheel rotation and assist with vehicle positioning. The heart of the Google driverless car—the processor—is located at the right rear of the vehicle. Data from all sensors is transmitted here via data cables for software-based analysis and processing, enabling precise sensing and judgment of different objects near the driverless car. In addition to analyzing and judging the current positions of objects around the driverless car, the system uses software to calculate and accurately predict the potential next position of each object. Finally, the driverless car makes safe driving decisions based on all collected data, including controlling vehicle speed and maintaining distance from surrounding vehicles.

Weidou Intelligent Technology specializes in selling German G.R.A.S sensors, G.R.A.S proximity sensors, G.R.A.S distance sensors, G.R.A.S vision sensors, G.R.A.S displacement sensors, G.R.A.S torque sensors, G.R.A.S speed sensors, G.R.A.S photoelectric sensors, G.R.A.S position sensors, G.R.A.S angle sensors, G.R.A.S tactile sensors, G.R.A.S temperature sensors, G.R.A.S pressure sensors, G.R.A.S flow sensors, G.R.A.S level sensors, G.R.A.S motion sensors, G.R.A.S process sensors. Original imports from Germany. Welcome inquiries and orders from users.