FARDUINI srl motor Germany FARDUINI srl model FARDUINI srl price

FARDUINI srl motor refers to the engine that controls the operation of mechanical components in a servo system; it is an auxiliary motor indirect speed change device. Servo motors can control speed with very accurate position precision, converting voltage signals into torque and rotational speed to drive the controlled object. The rotor speed of the servo motor is controlled by the input signal and can respond quickly. In automatic control systems, it is used as an actuator and features small electromechanical time constants and high linearity, converting received electrical signals into angular displacement or angular velocity output on the motor shaft. It is divided into two major categories: DC and AC servo motors. Its main characteristics are that there is no self-rotation phenomenon when the signal voltage is zero, and the rotational speed decreases uniformly as the torque increases.

FARDUINI srl motor principle

A stepper motor is an open-loop control component that converts electrical pulse signals into angular or linear displacement. Under non-overload conditions, the motor speed and stopping position depend solely on the frequency and number of pulses, unaffected by load variations; that is, each pulse signal causes the motor to rotate by one step angle. The existence of this linear relationship, combined with the characteristic that stepper motors have only periodic errors and no cumulative errors, makes control in applications such as speed and position very simple. Although stepper motors are widely used, they cannot be used under conventional conditions like ordinary DC or AC motors. They require a control system composed of dual-ring pulse signals, power driver circuits, and other components to operate. Therefore, proper use of stepper motors is not easy, as it involves extensive professional knowledge in mechanics, motors, electronics, and computing. Nowadays, there are indeed many manufacturers producing stepper motors, but very few have professional technical personnel capable of independent development and research. Most manufacturers have only ten to twenty employees and lack even the most basic equipment, remaining merely in a stage of blind imitation. This causes considerable trouble for users in product selection and usage. In view of the above situation, we have decided to take the widely used variable reluctance stepper motor as an example to describe its basic working principle, hoping to assist a broad range of users in selection, usage, and overall machine improvement.

FARDUINI srl motor mechanical characteristics

Structurally, the motor rotor is equipped with permanent magnets to provide the operating point for soft magnetic materials, while the stator excitation only needs to provide a changing magnetic field without consuming energy for the magnetic material's operating point. Therefore, the motor has high efficiency, low current, and low heat generation. Due to the presence of permanent magnets, the motor has strong back EMF and good inherent damping, resulting in smooth operation, low noise, and low-frequency vibration. To some extent, the variable reluctance type can be regarded as a low-speed synchronous motor. A four-phase motor can operate in four-phase mode or two-phase mode (bipolar voltage drive must be used), whereas reactive motors cannot do so. For example, four-phase, eight-phase operation (A-AB-B-BC-C-CD-D-DA-A) can fully adopt the two-phase eight-beat operation mode. It is not difficult to find that the conditions are C=, D=. The internal winding of a two-phase motor is completely consistent with that of a four-phase motor. Low-power motors are generally directly connected as two-phase, while higher-power motors, for ease of use and flexible adjustment of dynamic characteristics, often have external wiring with eight leads (four-phase). In this way, they can be used as four-phase motors, or the two-phase motor windings can be used in series or parallel.

FARDUINI srl motor operating mode

Excitation method for motor power supply: Generators with this excitation method have a dedicated DC generator, known as a DC exciter. The exciter is generally coaxial with the generator, and the generator's excitation winding obtains DC current from the exciter through slip rings mounted on the large shaft and fixed brushes. This excitation method has advantages such as independent excitation current, reliable operation, and reduced self-consumption. It was the main excitation method for generators in the past few decades and has mature operational experience. The disadvantage is slow excitation regulation speed and heavy maintenance workload, so it is rarely used in units above 10MW. Excitation method without an exciter: In this excitation method, no dedicated exciter is set up; instead, the excitation power is obtained from the generator itself, rectified, and then supplied to the generator's own excitation, called self-excited static excitation. Self-excited static excitation can be divided into self-shunt excitation and self-compound excitation. The self-shunt excitation method obtains excitation current through a rectifier transformer connected to the generator outlet, which is rectified and then supplied to the generator excitation. This method has advantages such as simple structure, fewer devices, cost savings, and less maintenance workload. The self-compound excitation method, in addition to having a rectifier transformer, also has a high-power current transformer connected in series in the generator stator circuit. The role of this transformer is to provide a larger excitation current to the generator during a short circuit to compensate for the insufficient output of the rectifier transformer. This excitation method has two excitation power sources: a voltage source obtained through the rectifier transformer and a current source obtained through the series transformer. Excitation method powered by an AC exciter: Some modern large-capacity generators use an AC exciter to provide excitation current. The AC exciter is also mounted on the generator's large shaft. Its output AC current is rectified and then supplied to the generator rotor for excitation. At this time, the generator's excitation method belongs to separate excitation, and because a static rectification device is used, it is also called separate static excitation. The AC pilot exciter provides the excitation current. The AC pilot exciter can be a permanent magnet measuring device machine or an AC generator with a self-excited constant voltage device. To improve the excitation regulation speed, the AC exciter usually adopts a 100——200HZ medium-frequency generator, while the AC pilot exciter adopts a 400——500HZ medium-frequency generator. The DC excitation winding and three-phase AC winding of this generator are both wound in the stator slots. The rotor has only teeth and slots without windings, resembling a gear. Therefore, it has no rotating contact parts such as brushes and slip rings, offering advantages such as reliable operation, simple structure, and convenient manufacturing process. The disadvantages are higher noise and larger harmonic components in the AC potential.

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