Cantoni Group motor, German Cantoni Group model, Cantoni Group price

Cantoni Group motors refer to motors with speeds exceeding 10000r/min. Due to their high speed, their volume is far smaller than that of ordinary motors of the same power. Connected directly to the prime mover, they eliminate traditional reduction gears. Reasons such as the low moment of inertia of high-speed motors result in advantages including high motor power density, effective material savings, high transmission efficiency, low noise, and fast dynamic response.

Cantoni Group motor working principle

The motor stator winding is powered by a single-phase supply, and the rotor is an armature winding with a commutator short-circuited via brushes. The brushes can be moved to any position relative to the stator winding as required. By shifting this position, the direction of rotation, mechanical characteristics, and operating speed of the rotor can be changed. When the brushes deviate counterclockwise from the geometric neutral axis, the rotor rotates clockwise; when the brushes deviate clockwise from the geometric neutral axis, the rotor rotates counterclockwise. Because the direction of rotation is opposite to the direction of brush deviation, it is called a repulsion motor. It has mechanical characteristics similar to those of a series-wound DC motor and is used to drive mechanical loads with heavy starting requirements. It is suitable for applications with single-phase power supply that require speed adjustment and reversal of direction. Some motors are equipped with overload protection devices to protect the motor from burnout due to excessive current during overload. This component, composed of bimetal, expands when heated to open the contacts and cut off the circuit. When the overload is removed and the motor cools down, the contacts close again. The rotor coil is connected to the commutator and is not connected to the external circuit. The short-circuited brushes press against the commutator, inclined at an angle to the central axis of the stator magnetic field. When energized, the stator magnetic field induces an armature field in the armature. The poles of this field are near the brushes. The polarity of the armature field at this location is the same as that of the adjacent stator pole, generating mutual repulsion between the two and causing the armature to rotate.

Cantoni Group motor mechanical characteristics

The characteristic of motor speed n varying with torque T [n=f(T)] is called the mechanical characteristic. It is an important basis for selecting electric motors. Various types of motors are suitable for different applications due to their specific mechanical characteristics. From the perspective of the DC motor armature circuit, the supply voltage U must balance the motor's back EMF Ed and the voltage drop across the armature circuit resistance Rd caused by the armature current Id, i.e., U=Ed+IdRd. The back EMF is related to the motor speed n and magnetic flux φ, and the armature current is related to the mechanical torque M and magnetic flux φ, i.e., for the z4 series DC motor, Ed=Cφn, M=CφId, where C is a constant. From this, it can be derived that n0 is the no-load speed, and k is Rа/C2. The above represents the ideal relationship without considering factors such as iron core saturation, but it is also instructive for the analysis of actual DC motors. As seen above, DC motors have 3 speed control methods: adjusting the excitation current, adjusting the armature terminal voltage, and adjusting the resistance inserted in the armature circuit. The method of adjusting the series resistance in the armature circuit is relatively simple but involves higher energy consumption; furthermore, under light load, due to the small load current, the voltage drop across the series resistance is small, making speed regulation insensitive. Adjusting the armature terminal voltage and appropriately adjusting the excitation current allows the DC motor to achieve smooth speed control over a wide range. Increasing the terminal voltage raises the speed, while increasing the excitation current lowers the speed; proper coordination of the two allows the motor to operate at different speeds. During speed control, attention should be paid to the fact that commutation conditions deteriorate at high speeds, and cooling conditions worsen at low speeds, thereby limiting the motor's power. Series-wound DC motors, due to their mechanical characteristics (Figure 2) approaching constant power characteristics and having high torque at low speeds, are widely used for traction in electric vehicles. In trams, two or more compound-wound DC motors (having both series and shunt windings) are often used for joint drive. By using series-parallel reconnection methods, the motor terminal voltage can be changed by multiples (in series, the motor terminal voltage is only half of that in parallel), thereby economically achieving a wider range of speed control and reducing energy consumption during startup.

Cantoni Group motor speed control

Motor speed control: The principle of speed control for wound-rotor induction motors implemented using current-source PWM converters: The rotor electrical energy of the induction motor is converted from AC rotor energy to DC by an uncontrolled rectifier composed of a diode bridge rectifier. Subsequently, the current-source PWM converter converts the DC electrical energy into AC electrical energy with a frequency equal to the grid frequency, adjustable current amplitude, and adjustable phase. The converted energy is fed back to the grid for recycling through an autotransformer. This speed control scheme has the following features while achieving speed regulation: (1) The transformer input/output ratio can be fixed as needed, and electrical isolation between input and output is not required; therefore, this scheme adopts an autotransformer, significantly saving on transformer costs. (2) The AC side output current of the current-source PWM converter is a pulse current containing several harmonics. To ensure normal operation of the power system and ensure that the energy fed back to the grid meets international harmonic standards, it is necessary to take appropriate filtering measures at the connection point between the PWM converter and the grid. (3) The AC side output current of the current-source PWM converter is sinusoidal after filtering, and the phase angle is controllable; therefore, adopting an appropriate control scheme can solve the harmonic and power factor problems of the speed control system while achieving motor speed control. This offers clear advantages over thyristor cascade speed control. ① AC voltage regulation speed control; ② Rotor series resistance AC speed control; ③ AC cascade speed control. A wound-rotor induction motor is an induction motor whose primary winding on the stator is connected to the power supply, and whose rotor has a polyphase winding connected to slip rings. The three-phase symmetrical windings of the rotor can be connected in a Y configuration or a delta configuration. The characteristic of this rotor is that external resistors can be connected to the rotor winding to improve the starting performance of the motor or to adjust the speed.

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