itavibras motor Germany itavibras model itavibras price

itavibras motors are rotating machines containing a brush assembly that convert DC electrical energy into mechanical energy (DC motor) or mechanical energy into DC electrical energy (DC generator). Distinct from brushless DC motors, the brush assembly is used to introduce or extract DC voltage and current. Brushed DC motors form the basis of all motors; they feature fast starting, timely braking, smooth speed regulation over a wide range, and relatively simple control circuits.

itavibras motor classification

The motor drive current is purely AC; brushless DC motors can be further divided into brushless speed motors and brushless torque motors. Generally, there are two types of drive current for brushless motors: one is trapezoidal wave (usually "square wave"), and the other is sinusoidal wave. Sometimes the former is called a brushless DC motor, and the latter an AC servo motor, which is strictly speaking a type of AC servo motor. To reduce moment of inertia, brushless DC motors usually adopt a "slender" structure. Brushless DC motors are much smaller in weight and volume than brushed DC motors, and the corresponding moment of inertia can be reduced by approximately 40%—50%. Due to processing issues with permanent magnet materials, the general capacity of brushless DC motors is below 100kW. This type of motor has good linearity in mechanical and adjustment characteristics, a wide speed regulation range, long service life, convenient maintenance, and low noise, without the series of problems caused by brushes, so it has great application potential in control systems. The stator windings of the motor are mostly configured as three-phase symmetrical star connections, very similar to three-phase asynchronous motors. Permanent magnets that have been magnetized are bonded to the rotor of the motor. To detect the polarity of the motor rotor, position sensors are installed inside the motor. The driver consists of power electronic devices and integrated circuits, etc., with the following functions: receiving start, stop, and brake signals from the motor to control starting, stopping, and braking; receiving position sensor signals and forward/reverse signals to control the on/off state of each power tube in the inverter bridge to generate continuous torque; receiving speed commands and speed feedback signals to control and adjust rotational speed; providing protection and display, etc. Since brushless DC motors operate in a self-controlled manner, they do not require additional starting windings on the rotor like synchronous motors under heavy-load starting with variable frequency speed regulation, nor do they produce oscillation and step-out during sudden load changes. The permanent magnets in small and medium-capacity brushless DC motors mostly use rare earth Nd-Fe-B (Nd-Fe-B) materials with high magnetic energy product. Therefore, the volume of rare earth permanent magnet brushless motors is reduced by one frame size compared to three-phase asynchronous motors of the same capacity. Research on variable frequency speed regulation for asynchronous motors over the past thirty years has ultimately been seeking methods to control asynchronous motor torque. Rare earth permanent magnet brushless DC motors will surely show advantages in the field of speed regulation due to their wide speed regulation, small volume, high efficiency, and small steady-state speed error. Because brushless DC motors possess the characteristics of brushed DC motors and are also frequency-changing devices, they are also known as DC variable frequency, with the internationally common term being BLDC. The operating efficiency, low-speed torque, and speed precision of brushless DC motors are better than any variable frequency drive using other control technologies, making them worthy of industry attention. This product has been produced exceeding 55kW, and can be designed up to 400kW, meeting the industry's needs for energy saving and high-performance driving.

itavibras motor structure

The motor consists of two basic parts: a stationary stator and a rotating rotor. The rotor is installed inside the stator cavity and supported on two end covers by bearings. To ensure the rotor can rotate freely within the stator, there must be a gap between the stator and rotor, called the air gap. The air gap of the motor is a very important parameter; its size and symmetry greatly affect the motor's performance. Figure 2 shows the components of a three-phase squirrel-cage asynchronous motor. The stator consists of three-phase stator windings, a stator core, and a frame. The three-phase stator windings are the circuit part of the asynchronous motor and play a crucial role in its operation, being the key component for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. The structure of the three-phase stator windings is symmetrical, generally having six output terminals U1, U2, V1, V2, W1, W2, located in the junction box outside the frame, connected in star (Y) or delta (△) configuration as needed. The stator core is part of the magnetic circuit of the asynchronous motor. Since the main magnetic field rotates relative to the stator at synchronous speed, to reduce losses induced in the core, the core is laminated from high-permeability silicon steel sheets of 0.5mm thickness. Both sides of the silicon steel sheets are coated with insulating varnish to reduce eddy current losses in the core. The frame, also known as the housing, mainly supports the stator core and withstands the reaction forces generated during the motor's loaded operation. Heat generated by internal losses during operation is also dissipated outward through the frame. Frames for small and medium-sized motors are generally made of cast iron. For large motors, where casting is inconvenient due to the large body size, welded steel plates are commonly used.

itavibras motor operating mode

Several methods for obtaining excitation current for the motor: 1, excitation method supplied by a DC generator. In this excitation method, the generator has a dedicated DC generator, known as a DC exciter. The exciter is generally coaxial with the generator, and the generator's excitation winding obtains DC current from the exciter via slip rings mounted on the main shaft and fixed brushes. This excitation method has advantages such as independent excitation current, reliable operation, and reduced auxiliary power consumption. It was the main excitation method for generators in the past few decades and has mature operational experience. The disadvantages are slow excitation regulation speed and heavy maintenance workload, so it is rarely used in units above 10MW. 2, excitation method supplied by an AC exciter. Some modern large-capacity generators use an AC exciter to provide excitation current. The AC exciter is also mounted on the generator's main shaft. Its output AC current is rectified and supplied to the generator rotor for excitation. At this time, the generator's excitation method belongs to separate excitation. Due to the use of a static rectifier device, it is also called separate static excitation. An AC pilot exciter provides the excitation current. The AC pilot exciter can be a permanent magnet measuring device machine or an AC generator with a self-excited constant voltage device. To improve the excitation regulation speed, the AC exciter usually adopts a medium-frequency generator of 100——200HZ, while the AC pilot exciter adopts a medium-frequency generator of 400——500HZ. The DC excitation winding and three-phase AC winding of this generator are both wound in the stator slots. The rotor has only teeth and slots without windings, resembling a gear. Therefore, it has no rotating contact parts such as brushes or slip rings, offering advantages such as reliable operation, simple structure, and convenient manufacturing process. The disadvantages are higher noise and larger harmonic components in the AC electromotive force. 3, excitation method without an exciter. In this excitation method, no dedicated exciter is set up. Instead, the excitation power is obtained from the generator itself, rectified, and then supplied to the generator itself for excitation, called self-excited static excitation. Self-excited static excitation can be divided into self-shunt excitation and self-compound excitation. The self-shunt excitation method obtains excitation current through a rectifier transformer connected to the generator outlet, which is rectified and supplied to the generator for excitation. This excitation method has advantages such as simple structure, fewer equipment, cost savings, and less maintenance workload. The self-compound excitation method, in addition to having a rectifier transformer, also has a high-power current transformer connected in series in the generator stator circuit. The function of this transformer is to provide a larger excitation current to the generator in the event of a short circuit, compensating for the insufficient output of the rectifier transformer. This excitation method has two excitation power sources: a voltage source obtained through the rectifier transformer and a current source obtained through the series transformer.

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