EMZ Motoren motors, German EMZ Motoren models, EMZ Motoren prices

EMZ Motoren motors refer to motors that, under standard environmental conditions, operate continuously at 100% rated load within a 10%~100% rated speed range, with temperature rise not exceeding the motor's specified permissible value. When the slip of an asynchronous motor does not change significantly, its speed is proportional to the frequency; thus, changing the power supply frequency changes the speed of the asynchronous motor. During variable frequency speed control, it is always desired to keep the main magnetic flux constant. If the main magnetic flux is greater than the flux during normal operation, the magnetic circuit becomes oversaturated, causing the excitation current to increase and the power factor to decrease; if the main magnetic flux is less than the flux during normal operation, the motor torque decreases.

EMZ Motoren motor mechanical characteristics

The basic characteristics of motors are that the rotor windings do not need to be connected to other power sources, and the stator current is drawn directly from the AC power system; compared with other motors, asynchronous motors have a simple structure, are easy to manufacture, use, and maintain, have high operational reliability, are lightweight, and have low costs. Taking three-phase asynchronous motors as an example, compared with DC motors of the same power and speed, the former weighs only half as much as the latter, and the cost is only one-third. Asynchronous motors can also easily derive various product series according to the requirements of different environmental conditions. They also have load characteristics close to constant speed, meeting the driving requirements of most industrial and agricultural production machinery. Their limitation is that their speed has a fixed slip relative to the synchronous speed of their rotating magnetic field (see asynchronous motor), resulting in poor speed regulation performance. In applications requiring a wide and smooth speed regulation range (such as driving rolling mills, hoists, large machine tools, etc.), they are less economical and convenient than DC motors. In addition, when asynchronous motors are running, they draw reactive power from the power system for excitation, which leads to a deterioration of the power factor of the power system. Therefore, in high-power, low-speed applications (such as driving ball mills, compressors, etc.), it is more reasonable to use synchronous motors. Due to the large production volume and wide application of asynchronous motors, they are required to have a variety of types and specifications to match various machinery. Therefore, the design and production of asynchronous motors must pay special attention to standardization, serialization, and generalization. Among various product series, the three-phase asynchronous motor series, with the largest output and widest application, is the basic series; in addition, there are several derived series (series derived by making partial changes based on the basic series) and special-purpose series (series with special structures designed for special needs).

EMZ Motoren motor mechanical characteristics

The characteristic of motor speed n changing with torque T [n=f(T)] is called the mechanical characteristic. It is an important basis for selecting electric motors. Various types of motors are suitable for different occasions due to their own mechanical characteristics. From the perspective of the armature circuit of a DC motor, the power supply voltage U must balance the back EMF Ed of the motor and the voltage drop across the armature circuit resistance Rd due to the armature current Id, i.e., U=Ed+IdRd. The back EMF is related to the motor speed n and magnetic flux φ, and the armature current is related to the mechanical torque M and magnetic flux φ, i.e., for z4 series DC motors, Ed=Cφn, M=CφId, where C is a constant. From this, it can be obtained that n0 is the no-load speed, and k is Rа/C2. The above is the ideal relationship without considering factors such as iron core saturation, but it is also instructive for the analysis of actual DC motors. From the above, it can be seen that DC motors have 3 speed regulation methods: adjusting the excitation current, adjusting the armature terminal voltage, and adjusting the resistance inserted into the armature circuit. The method of adjusting the series resistance in the armature circuit is relatively simple, but the energy consumption is large; moreover, under light load, due to the small load current, the voltage drop across the series resistance is small, so the speed regulation is not very sensitive. Adjusting the armature terminal voltage and appropriately adjusting the excitation current allows the DC motor to regulate speed smoothly over a wide range. Increasing the terminal voltage increases the speed, and increasing the excitation current decreases the speed; proper coordination of the two allows the motor to operate at different speeds. During speed regulation, attention should be paid to the fact that commutation conditions deteriorate at high speeds, and cooling conditions worsen at low speeds, thereby limiting the motor's power. Series-wound DC motors, due to their mechanical characteristics (Figure 2) being close to constant power characteristics, have high torque at low speeds, and are therefore widely used for electric vehicle traction. In trams, two or more compound-wound DC motors, having both series and shunt excitation, are often used together for driving. By using series and parallel reconnection methods, the motor terminal voltage can be changed by multiples (when connected in series, the motor terminal voltage is only half of that when connected in parallel), thereby economically obtaining a wider range of speed regulation and reducing energy consumption during startup.

EMZ Motoren motor applications

Motors have advantages such as simple structure, ease of manufacturing, low cost, and reliable operation, but their power factor is relatively low (less than 0.5), and efficiency is also low. The power of reluctance synchronous motors generally ranges from a fraction of a watt to hundreds of watts, and they are commonly used in automatic control devices, physical instruments, movie projectors, electrostatic copiers, and other equipment. Reluctance synchronous motors have a simple structure, low cost, and reliable operation, and are widely used in automatic and remote control devices, recording fax machines, and the clock industry. An AC motor whose ratio of operating speed to the connected power supply frequency is a constant value. When the motor is running, the speed is always equal to the synchronous speed, hence the term synchronous motor. Synchronous motors are widely used in high-power production machinery that does not require speed regulation, such as large air compressors, crushers, blowers, motor-generator sets, etc., with powers reaching several kilowatts or even tens of thousands of kilowatts. Compared with asynchronous motors of the same capacity, high-power synchronous motors have obvious advantages: high power factor, and they can operate at a leading power factor by adjusting the excitation current, which is beneficial for improving the power factor of the grid; high-power, low-speed synchronous motors have a smaller volume. Synchronous motors can be divided into salient-pole and non-salient-pole types according to rotor structure characteristics, and are generally made as salient-pole types. If classified by the fixed position of the magnetic poles, there are rotating-armature types with magnetic poles fixed on the stator (three-phase AC windings are nested on the rotor, connected to the external circuit through slip rings and brushes on the shaft) and rotating-field types with magnetic poles fixed on the rotor, with the latter being more common. The magnetic poles of synchronous motors are generally excited by DC current; those using permanent magnets are called permanent magnet synchronous motors. A synchronous motor operating in motor state without mechanical load, only providing or absorbing reactive power to the grid, is called a synchronous condenser or synchronous compensator, used to improve grid power factor and maintain grid voltage levels.

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