SWF motor, German SWF model, SWF price

The SWF motor is named for its armature winding and field winding connected in series. Single-phase series-wound motors are AC/DC universal motors; they can operate on either AC or DC power supplies. The single-phase series motor is widely used. Its advantages include high speed, high starting torque, compact size, light weight, resistance to stalling, and a wide applicable voltage range. Speed control via voltage adjustment is simple and easy to implement.

SWF motor applications

Applications of motors in precision machining: To improve productivity and machining quality, ultra-high-speed and ultra-high-precision machining are key. Current requirements for CNC machine tool feed speeds have increased from 6 to 8m/min to greater than 50 to 60m/min, with acceleration requirements reaching 1 to 5g. These specifications cannot be met by traditional feed drive systems with intermediate transmission and conversion stages, necessitating new actuators. This has led to the emergence of new-generation linear motor feed drive systems. Since the end of the 20th century, major international machine tool exhibitions have shown that direct drive by linear motors is increasingly applied to CNC machine tools, machining centers, and presses. Linear motor drives offer high thrust, high speed, high precision, and smooth feed motion. Machine tool feed systems use direct drive by linear synchronous motors. The main difference from traditional rotary motor drives is the elimination of mechanical intermediate transmission between the motor and the worktable (slide), effectively reducing the length of the machine tool feed transmission chain to zero. Hence, this method is called "direct drive" or "zero transmission." Direct drive avoids disadvantages such as backlash, inertia, friction, and insufficient rigidity associated with lead screw drives, delivering performance metrics and benefits unattainable with rotary motor drives.

SWF motor operating principle

The motor's operating principle is based on the DC series-wound motor. As shown in Figure 1, the field winding and armature winding are connected in series to a DC power supply. Based on the direction of the main magnetic flux Φ and the armature current Ia, the rotor rotation direction is determined by the left-hand rule; in a, it rotates counterclockwise. If the power supply polarity is reversed, as shown in Figure 1b, both the main magnetic flux Φ and the armature current Ia change direction simultaneously. According to the left-hand rule, the rotor direction remains unchanged, still rotating counterclockwise. Therefore, when a single-phase AC voltage is applied to the series-wound motor, as shown in Figure 1c, although the power supply polarity changes periodically, the rotor maintains a constant rotation direction. Thus, series-wound motors can operate on both AC and DC power supplies. Single-phase series-wound motors are single-phase AC asynchronous motors and are AC/DC universal, hence also called AC/DC universal series-wound motors. Due to their high speed, compact size, high starting torque, and adjustable speed, they are widely used in power tools, operating on both DC and single-phase AC power supplies. The motor mainly consists of the stator, rotor, and bracket. The stator comprises salient-pole iron cores and field windings. The rotor consists of non-salient-pole iron cores, armature windings, commutators, and shafts. The field winding and armature winding form a series circuit through brushes and the commutator.

SWF motor fault analysis

Motor injector faults generally manifest as: injector nozzles clogged by gum-like deposits, carbon buildup, or poor sealing causing dripping, leading to mixture concentrations that are too lean or too rich. The detection method is: First, start the engine and use a stethoscope to check the operating sound at each injector. If no sound is heard, check the wiring connectors, the injector, or the injection signal from the ECU. Then, use a multimeter to measure the resistance across the injector terminals. If the resistance value deviates from the specified value, replace the injector. Finally, check the injector fuel volume; the value should be within the normal range, and the difference in fuel volume between cylinders should be less than 5cm3. The water temperature sensor detects coolant temperature and converts it into a voltage signal related to temperature, inputting it to the ECU as the basis for the ECU to correct fuel injection volume. If the water temperature sensor fails, or if there is an open circuit, short circuit, or severe scale buildup in the wiring between the sensor and the ECU, the output signal will have significant deviations. This ultimately prevents the injector from timely increasing or decreasing fuel volume, causing starting difficulties. Most electronic fuel injection engines use stepper motor-type idle speed control valves. The ECU adjusts the energization sequence of the stepper motor's electromagnetic coils based on engine operating conditions, causing the conical valve body on the stepper motor shaft to screw in or out. This adjusts the opening of the bypass air passage, regulating bypass intake air volume. If the engine is difficult to start but starts with slight throttle application, it indicates a fault in the idle speed control valve. Disassembling the ISC valve will reveal significant carbon buildup, gum adhesion, and oil accumulation on the conical valve surface. This reduces the adjustable range of the conical valve, resulting in reduced intake air volume and an overly rich mixture during cold starts, causing starting difficulties.

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