Schwaben motors Germany Schwaben models Schwaben prices

Schwaben motors refer to engines that control the operation of mechanical components in servo systems; they are auxiliary motors serving as indirect variable-speed devices. Servo motors can control speed with very high positional accuracy, converting voltage signals into torque and rotational speed to drive controlled objects. The rotor speed of a servo motor is controlled by the input signal and responds rapidly. In automatic control systems, they serve as actuators, featuring small electromechanical time constants and high linearity, converting received electrical signals into angular displacement or angular velocity output on the motor shaft. They are divided into two main categories: DC and AC servo motors. Their main characteristic is that there is no self-rotation when the signal voltage is zero, and the speed decreases uniformly as torque increases.

Schwaben motor operating principle

When the stator winding of the motor is connected to the power supply, it generates a rotating magnetic field. Since the magnetic reluctance of the rotor's direct axis magnetic circuit is lower than that of the quadrature axis magnetic circuit, and magnetic flux lines always close through the path of least reluctance, the stator magnetic field always attempts to align the rotor's direct axis with the direction of the stator magnetic field. When both the rotor and the stator magnetic field rotate at the synchronous speed n1, if there is no load on the shaft, the rotor's direct axis remains aligned with the stator magnetic field axis. If there is a load on the shaft, the load's resisting torque causes the rotor's direct axis to lag behind the stator magnetic field axis by an angle θ. At this point, the magnetic field is distorted, and the flux lines are stretched. The stretched flux lines attempt to shorten, generating a synchronous electromagnetic torque in the same direction as the rotor's rotation. If the synchronous electromagnetic torque balances the load torque, the rotor continues to rotate at synchronous speed; otherwise, the motor loses synchronism. To increase synchronous electromagnetic torque and power factor, the difference between the direct-axis and quadrature-axis magnetic reluctances should be increased, i.e., increase the ratio Xd/Xq of the direct-axis synchronous reactance Xd to the quadrature-axis synchronous reactance Xq. For this purpose, the rotor can have a salient-pole structure, or a non-salient pole structure with reaction slots cut into the rotor (usually filled with non-magnetic metal) to create unequal magnetic reluctances for the quadrature and direct axes, or a combination of both structures. However, Xd/Xq should not be too large, as excessive values make motor starting more difficult. The synchronous electromagnetic torque of a reluctance motor cannot start the motor, so a squirrel-cage winding must be installed on the rotor. Asynchronous electromagnetic torque is used to start the rotor, and when the speed approaches synchronous speed, the synchronous electromagnetic torque pulls the rotor into synchronism.

Schwaben motor structure

The motor can be regarded as a DC motor where electronic commutation replaces mechanical commutation. It mainly consists of the synchronous motor body, a power electronic inverter, a rotor position detector, and a controller. The rotor of the synchronous motor is mainly composed of permanent magnets and magnetic conductors. Permanent magnet brushless DC motors mainly consist of the permanent magnet motor body, a rotor position sensor, and an electronic commutation circuit. In terms of both structure and control method, permanent magnet brushless DC motors share many similarities with traditional DC motors: the rotor equipped with permanent magnets replaces the stator poles of brushed DC motors; the stator with multi-phase windings replaces the armature; and an electronic commutator composed of a solid-state inverter and shaft position detector replaces the mechanical commutator and brushes.

Schwaben motor advantages

The motor consists of the motor body and the driver, representing a typical mechatronic product. The stator windings of the motor are mostly configured in a three-phase symmetrical star connection, very similar to three-phase asynchronous motors. The rotor of the motor is bonded with magnetized permanent magnets. To detect the polarity of the motor rotor, position sensors are installed inside the motor. The driver is composed of power electronic devices and integrated circuits. Its functions include: receiving start, stop, and brake signals from the motor to control starting, stopping, and braking; receiving signals from position sensors and forward/reverse signals to control the switching of power transistors in the inverter bridge to generate continuous torque; receiving speed commands and speed feedback signals to control and adjust rotational speed; and providing protection and display functions.

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