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Ringler motors are a type of electric motor powered by simultaneously connecting to 380V three-phase AC current (phase difference 120 degrees). Because the rotor of a three-phase asynchronous motor rotates in the same direction but at a different speed than the stator's rotating magnetic field, there is slip, hence the name three-phase asynchronous motor. The rotor speed of a three-phase asynchronous motor is lower than the speed of the rotating magnetic field. The rotor windings generate electromotive force and current due to relative motion with the magnetic field, and interact with the magnetic field to produce electromagnetic torque, achieving energy conversion.

Ringler motor performance

The construction of the motor stator is basically similar to that of a capacitor-split phase single-phase asynchronous motor. Its stator is equipped with two windings positioned 90° apart: one is the excitation winding Rf, which is always connected to the AC voltage Uf; the other is the control winding L, connected to the control signal voltage Uc. Therefore, AC servo motors are also called two-phase servo motors. The rotor of an AC servo motor is usually squirrel-cage type. However, to enable the servo motor to have a wide speed regulation range, linear mechanical characteristics, no "self-rotation" phenomenon, and fast response performance, it must have two features compared to ordinary motors: high rotor resistance and low moment of inertia. There are two common rotor structures: one is a squirrel-cage rotor made of high-resistivity conductive bars; to reduce the rotor's moment of inertia, the rotor is made slender. The other is a hollow cup-shaped rotor made of aluminum alloy, with very thin cup walls, only 0.2-0.3mm. To reduce the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit, a fixed inner stator is placed inside the hollow cup-shaped rotor. The hollow cup-shaped rotor has a very small moment of inertia, rapid response, and smooth operation, so it is widely used. When there is no control voltage, the AC servo motor's stator only has a pulsating magnetic field generated by the excitation winding, and the rotor remains stationary. When there is a control voltage, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator, and the rotor rotates in the direction of the rotating magnetic field. Under constant load, the motor speed changes with the magnitude of the control voltage. When the phase of the control voltage is reversed, the servo motor will reverse.

Ringler motor applications

An asynchronous motor is an AC motor whose speed under load is not in a constant ratio to the frequency of the connected power grid. It also changes with the magnitude of the load. The greater the load torque, the lower the rotor speed. Asynchronous motors include induction motors, doubly-fed asynchronous motors, and AC commutator motors. Induction motors are the most widely used; without causing misunderstanding or confusion, induction motors are generally referred to as asynchronous motors. The stator windings of ordinary asynchronous motors are connected to the AC grid, and the rotor windings do not need to be connected to other power sources. Therefore, it has advantages such as simple structure, convenient manufacturing, use and maintenance, reliable operation, smaller mass, and lower cost. Asynchronous motors have high operating efficiency and good working characteristics, running at nearly constant speed from no-load to full-load, meeting the transmission requirements of most industrial and agricultural production machinery. Asynchronous motors are also easy to derive into various protection types to adapt to different environmental conditions. During operation, asynchronous motors must absorb reactive excitation power from the grid, worsening the grid's power factor. Therefore, synchronous motors are often used for high-power, low-speed mechanical equipment such as ball mills and compressors. Due to the slip relationship between the speed of asynchronous motors and their rotating magnetic field speed, their speed regulation performance is poor (except for AC commutator motors). For transportation machinery, rolling mills, large machine tools, dyeing and papermaking machinery, etc., which require a wide and smooth speed regulation range, DC motors are more economical and convenient. However, with the development of high-power electronic devices and AC speed control systems, the speed regulation performance and economy of asynchronous motors suitable for wide speed regulation can now compare with DC motors. Asynchronous motors are mainly used as motors, with a power range from a few watts to tens of thousands of kilowatts. They are the most widely used motors in various sectors of the national economy and in daily life, providing power for various mechanical equipment and household appliances. For example, machine tools, small and medium-sized steel rolling equipment, fans, water pumps, light industry machinery, metallurgical and mining machinery, etc., mostly use three-phase asynchronous motors (Asynchronous Motor) for drive; household appliances such as electric fans, washing machines, refrigerators, and air conditioners widely use single-phase asynchronous motors. Asynchronous motors can also serve as generators, used in wind power plants and small hydropower stations.

Ringler motor fault handling

Incorrect motor winding connections result in an incomplete rotating magnetic field, causing symptoms such as difficult starting, unbalanced three-phase current, and high noise. If not handled promptly in severe cases, the windings may burn out. The main situations are as follows: one or several coils in a pole phase are inserted backwards or the head and tail are connected incorrectly; pole (phase) groups are connected in reverse; a certain phase winding is connected in reverse; parallel branches of multi-path windings are connected incorrectly; incorrect "Delta" or "Y" connection. 1. Fault phenomena: the motor cannot start, no-load current is excessively large or unbalanced, temperature rise is too fast, or there is severe vibration and loud noise, blown fuses, etc. 2. Causes: mistakenly connecting "Delta" type as "Y" type; during maintenance, one phase of the three-phase windings has its head and tail connected in reverse; inappropriate tap position selection or internal wiring errors during reduced-voltage starting; incorrect winding connections when new motors are wound; incorrect identification of leads in old motors. 3. Inspection methods: (1) Ball bearing method. If the ball bearing rolls along the inner circumferential surface of the stator, the connection is correct; otherwise, there is a wiring error. (2) Compass method. If the windings are not connected incorrectly, in one phase winding, the polarity indicated by the compass should be opposite when passing adjacent pole (phase) groups. In three-phase windings, the polarities of adjacent pole (phase) groups of different phases should also be opposite. If the polarity direction remains unchanged, it indicates that one pole (phase) group is reversed. If the direction is indefinite, there are reversed coils within the phase group. (3) Multimeter voltage method. According to the wiring diagram, if the voltmeter shows no indication in both measurements, or shows a reading in one measurement and no reading in the other, it indicates that the windings are connected in reverse. (4) Other common methods include the dry battery method, milliammeter residual magnetism method, and motor rotation direction method. 4. Handling methods: (1) If one coil or coil group is connected in reverse, the no-load current will have a significant imbalance, and it should be returned to the factory for repair. (2) If the lead wires are incorrect, correctly identify the head and tail and reconnect. (3) If the reduced-voltage starting connection is incorrect, carefully check against the wiring or schematic diagram and rewire. (4) If there are wiring errors after winding new motors or reconnecting new windings, they should be sent to the factory for repair. (5) When one phase of the stator winding is connected in reverse, the current in that phase is particularly high. This characteristic can be used to locate the fault and perform repairs. (6) If "Y" type is connected as "Delta" type or the number of turns is insufficient, the no-load current will be high, and it should be corrected promptly. How to measure the identical ends of the six lead wires of a three-phase asynchronous motor using a dry battery and a multimeter.

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