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Lammers motor refers to a low-power single-phase asynchronous motor powered by a single-phase AC power supply (AC220V). This type of motor typically has two-phase windings on the stator, and the rotor is of the standard squirrel-cage type. Different distributions of the two-phase windings on the stator and different power supply conditions can produce different starting and operating characteristics.

Lammers motor braking methods

Motor electrical braking methods include: dynamic braking, reverse connection braking, and regenerative braking. (1) During dynamic braking, the three-phase AC power supply to the motor is cut off, and DC current is supplied to the stator windings. At the instant the AC power is cut off, due to inertia, the motor continues to rotate in the original direction. This method is characterized by smooth braking, but requires a DC power supply and high-power motors; the cost of the required DC equipment is high, and the braking force is small at low speeds. (2) Reverse connection braking is divided into load reverse connection braking and power supply reverse connection braking. Load reverse connection braking is also known as load hoisting reverse connection braking. This torque causes heavy loads to descend slowly at a stable speed. The characteristics of this braking are: the power supply does not need to be reversed, no special braking equipment is required, and the braking speed can be adjusted, but it is only applicable to wound-rotor motors, where a large resistance must be connected in series in the rotor circuit to make the slip ratio greater than 1. Power supply reverse connection braking: when the motor needs to be braked, simply swap any two phase power lines to reverse the rotating magnetic field for rapid braking. When the motor speed reaches zero, immediately cut off the power. The characteristics of this braking are: fast stopping, strong braking force, and no need for braking equipment. However, during braking, the high current and large impact force can easily cause the motor to overheat or damage components in the transmission part. Regenerative braking, also known as feedback braking, occurs under the action of heavy loads (when a crane motor lowers a heavy load), where the motor speed exceeds the synchronous speed of the rotating magnetic field. At this time, induced current is generated in the rotor conductors, producing a torque opposite to the direction of rotation under the action of the rotating magnetic field, but since the motor speed is high, a variable speed device is required for deceleration.

Lammers motor applications

Compared with traditional reactive motors, the hybrid stepper motor structure adds permanent magnets to the rotor to provide the operating point for soft magnetic materials, while the stator excitation only needs to provide a changing magnetic field without consuming energy for the magnetic material's operating point. Therefore, this motor has high efficiency, low current, and low heat generation. Due to the presence of permanent magnets, the motor has a strong back EMF and good self-damping, making it run smoothly with low noise and low-frequency vibration. To some extent, the hybrid stepper motor can be regarded as a low-speed synchronous motor. A four-phase motor can operate in four-phase mode or two-phase mode (bipolar voltage drive must be used), whereas reactive motors cannot do so. For example, four-phase, eight-step operation (A-AB-B-BC-C-CD-D-DA-A) can fully adopt the two-phase eight-beat operation mode. It is not difficult to find that the conditions are C=, D=. The internal windings of a two-phase motor are completely consistent with those of a four-phase motor. Low-power motors are generally directly connected as two-phase, while higher-power motors, for ease of use and flexible adjustment of dynamic characteristics, often have their external wiring arranged as eight leads (four-phase). In this way, they can be used as four-phase motors, or the two-phase motor windings can be used in series or parallel.

Lammers motor applications

The motor requires only a single-phase power supply, so it is widely used in small equipment for production and daily life. However, due to its relatively poor economic performance indicators, it is manufactured only in low-power ratings. Single-phase resistance-start asynchronous motor. The power ranges from 60 to 370W. Its feature is that no external phase-splitting components are added; it starts by utilizing the resistance of the auxiliary winding itself, and uses a centrifugal switch to disconnect the auxiliary winding at the end of the starting process. The structure is relatively simple. It has medium starting torque and overload capacity, making it suitable for small machine tools, blowers, and medical machinery. Single-phase capacitor-start asynchronous motor. The power ranges from 120 to 750W. It is a single-phase motor that starts by increasing the starting torque through an externally added capacitor. An external capacitor is connected in series with the auxiliary winding, and both the auxiliary winding and the capacitor are disconnected from the power supply by a centrifugal switch at the end of the starting process. Like the BO2 type, it operates with only the main winding, while the auxiliary winding remains idle. Capacitor-start motors have higher starting torque but medium overload capacity. They are suitable for air compressors, refrigerators, washing machines, grinding mills, threshers, and water pumps. Single-phase capacitor motor. This is a single-phase motor that uses one capacitor for both starting and running, with the auxiliary winding operating together with the capacitor and the main winding. Therefore, no centrifugal switch is required. Through proper design, an ideal rotating magnetic field is formed during operation, resulting in good motor performance, high efficiency and power factor, and low noise. Its power range is 4 to 250W. Since one capacitor is used for both starting and running, considering the pros and cons, and because the starting time is very short, the capacitor value is selected to primarily meet the needs of long-term operation. Thus, an inexpensive, smaller-value capacitor is chosen, resulting in lower starting torque. This motor can only be used in machinery that starts under no-load or light-load conditions, such as electric fans, ventilation fans, and tape recorders. Dual-value capacitor motors have higher power, and the required capacitors are significantly more expensive. These motors offer better starting and running performance. They are suitable for household appliances and small machine tools.

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