kollmorgen motor Germany kollmorgen model kollmorgen price

kollmorgen motors are devices that convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. They utilize energized coils (i.e., stator windings) to generate a rotating magnetic field, which acts on the rotor (such as a squirrel-cage closed aluminum frame) to form electromagnetic rotational torque. Motors are classified into DC motors and AC motors based on the power supply used. Most motors in power systems are AC motors, which can be synchronous or asynchronous (where the speed of the stator magnetic field does not remain synchronized with the rotor rotation speed). A motor mainly consists of a stator and a rotor; the direction of motion of current-carrying conductors under force in a magnetic field is related to the direction of the current and the direction of the magnetic flux lines (magnetic field direction). The working principle of a motor is the force exerted by the magnetic field on the current, causing the motor to rotate.

kollmorgen motor performance

Motor technology has been widely applied in the aviation, aerospace, and mold industries. High-speed machine tools and virtual axis machine tools represent major breakthroughs in machine tool technology. Whether for conventional CNC machine tools or virtual axis machine tools, the key component for achieving high speeds remains the spindle unit. Spindle high-speed capability is commonly measured by the dn value (the dn value refers to the product of the average diameter (mm) of the spindle bearings and the limit speed (r/min) of the spindle). With advancements in bearing and lubrication technologies, spindle speeds have increased year by year. Data shows that after the development of oil-air lubrication devices and the adoption of angular contact ceramic ball bearings, new lubrication methods such as jet lubrication were adopted in the 90s. For spindle units with speeds above 10000r/min, drive via belts or couplings is no longer suitable; a more reasonable approach is direct drive using an built-in motor, where the motor rotor is directly mounted on the spindle and the stator is installed in the spindle sleeve, forming what is known as an electric spindle. This electric spindle features a compact structure, ease of balancing, and high transmission efficiency, making it an ideal structure for high-speed spindles. In addition to being significantly influenced by bearings and their lubrication technology, electric spindle performance is affected by many factors, including control of bearing preload, heat generation and cooling of the built-in motor, dynamic balancing of the spindle, and connection of components on the shaft.

kollmorgen motor starting methods

Motor starting methods include direct-on-line starting and reduced-voltage starting. Reduced-voltage starting includes: autotransformer compensation starting, star-delta switching starting, and extended-delta starting. Generally, small and medium-sized squirrel-cage asynchronous motors can be started directly; direct starting equipment is simple and the method is straightforward. However, the starting current is high and the starting torque is low. Large-capacity squirrel-cage asynchronous motors generally start by reducing the voltage at the terminals of the stator windings. During reduced-voltage starting, the starting current can be reduced, but the starting torque is also inevitably reduced. Various reduced-voltage starting methods are introduced below: Autotransformer compensation starting: Starting voltage = voltage reduction factor × rated voltage; Starting current = voltage reduction factor × starting current (direct); Starting torque = square of the voltage reduction factor × starting torque (direct). Characteristics of the starting method: The motor stator windings start via an autotransformer for voltage reduction, and the autotransformer is disconnected after starting. Advantages and disadvantages: 1 Low starting current, 2 Starting control equipment cannot be complex, 3 Equipment is relatively expensive, but the starting torque is greater than that of the star-delta switching method, so it is widely used. Star-delta switching starting: Starting voltage = 0.577 × rated voltage; Starting current = 1/3 × starting current (direct); Starting torque = 1/3 × starting torque (direct). Characteristics of the starting method: The motor stator windings are connected in star configuration during starting and switched to delta configuration after starting. Advantages and disadvantages: 1 Low starting current, 2 Low starting torque, 3 Can start frequently, 4 Low price, suitable for motors with delta-connected stator windings, generally used for light-load starting of small-capacity motors. Extended-delta starting: Starting voltage = 0.78 × rated voltage (depends on the tap voltage of the stator windings); Starting current = 0.6 × starting current (direct); Starting torque = 0.6 × starting torque (direct). Characteristics of the starting method: The motor stator windings are connected in an extended-delta configuration during starting and switched to delta configuration after starting. Advantages and disadvantages: 1 Relatively low starting current, 2 Relatively high starting torque, 3 Can start frequently, 4 Only applicable to motors with intermediate taps in the stator windings. Secondly, soft starters and variable frequency drives (VFDs) are now widely used. They are convenient to control and can be promoted for small-capacity equipment. However, they should be used with caution for large-capacity, high-voltage motors. Although this technology is mature, the presence of non-linear components in the circuit generates significant harmonic content that pollutes the power supply. Despite the availability of harmonic mitigation equipment, highly irregular waveforms still exist in low-voltage circuits, affecting the normal operation of office electronic equipment and potentially causing capacitor breakdown in the circuit.

kollmorgen motor advantages

Advantages of the motor: 1. Low losses and low temperature rise. Since the magnetic field of a permanent magnet synchronous motor is generated by permanent magnets, excitation losses (i.e., copper losses) caused by generating the magnetic field through excitation current are avoided. There is no current in the rotor during operation, which significantly reduces the motor temperature rise; under the same load conditions, the temperature rise is more than 20K lower. 2. High power factor. The power factor of a permanent magnet synchronous motor is high and independent of the number of motor poles. At full load, the power factor approaches 1. Compared to asynchronous motors, this results in lower motor current, correspondingly lower stator copper losses in the motor, and higher efficiency. In contrast, the power factor of asynchronous motors decreases as the number of motor poles increases. Furthermore, because of the high power factor of permanent magnet synchronous motors, the capacity of the associated power supply (transformer) can theoretically be reduced, and the specifications of associated switchgear and cables can also be lowered. 3. High efficiency. Compared to asynchronous motors, permanent magnet synchronous motors have much higher efficiency values at light loads. They have a wide high-efficiency operating range, with efficiency greater than 90% in the 25% to 120% range. The rated efficiency of permanent magnet synchronous motors can meet the 1 level energy efficiency requirements of the current national standard, which is their biggest advantage in energy saving compared to asynchronous motors. In actual operation, motors rarely operate at full power when driving loads. The reasons are: on one hand, designers generally determine the motor power based on the extreme operating conditions of the load when selecting the motor, but extreme conditions occur infrequently. At the same time, to prevent motor burnout under abnormal conditions, a further power margin is provided for the motor during design. On the other hand, to ensure motor reliability, manufacturers usually provide a certain power margin beyond the power requested by the user. This results in most actually operating motors working below 70% of their rated power, especially when driving fan or pump loads, where the motor typically operates in the light load region. For asynchronous motors, efficiency is very low at light loads, whereas permanent magnet synchronous motors can still maintain high efficiency in the light load region. 4. Other advantages. Permanent magnet synchronous motors also offer high starting torque, short starting time, and high overload capability. The installed capacity of equipment drive motors can be reduced based on the actual shaft power, saving energy and reducing investment in fixed assets. Control of permanent magnet synchronous motors is convenient, with constant speed that does not vary with load fluctuations or voltage fluctuations, but depends only on frequency, ensuring smooth and reliable operation. Due to strict speed synchronization, they have good dynamic response performance and are suitable for variable frequency control. The installation dimensions of permanent magnet synchronous motors comply with IEC standards, allowing direct replacement of three-phase asynchronous motors. The protection rating can achieve IP54 and IP55, and some manufacturers also produce explosion-proof permanent magnet synchronous motors.

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