Friedrich Schwingtechnik motor Germany Friedrich Schwingtechnik model Friedrich Schwingtechnik price

Friedrich Schwingtechnik motor is a single-phase AC commutator motor, suitable for single-phase power supply applications requiring speed control and reversal of rotation direction. The stator winding is powered by a single-phase source, and the rotor is an armature winding with a commutator short-circuited via brushes. The brushes can be moved to any position relative to the stator winding as needed. By shifting this position, the rotor's direction of rotation, mechanical characteristics, and operating speed can be changed. When the brushes are displaced counter-clockwise from the geometric neutral axis, the rotor rotates clockwise; when the brushes are displaced clockwise from the geometric neutral axis, the rotor rotates counter-clockwise.

Friedrich Schwingtechnik motor armature reaction

The effect of motor armature current interfering with the magnetic flux generated by the field. The state varies depending on the phase difference between armature voltage and armature current. When the power factor is 1, the flux on the leading side along the direction of pole rotation is strengthened, while the flux on the trailing side is weakened. In the case of a motor, the flux advances ahead of the rotor, and the flux pulls the rotor in the acceleration direction. Conversely, in the case of a generator, the flux lags behind the rotor, and the flux pulls the rotor in the deceleration direction. This corresponds to torque generated by Maxwell stress based on "tension acting on magnetic lines of force." When the power factor is lagging, the flux acts in the direction of increasing flux. When the power factor is leading, its action is in the direction of weakening flux. In synchronous generators and synchronous motors, the leading/lagging of armature current relative to magnetizing/demagnetizing action is opposite. This relationship can be unified by understanding whether weak or strong excitation and reactive power are produced or absorbed. In weak excitation with reduced excitation current, the voltage generated by the synchronous machine (no-load induced EMF) is lower than the system voltage (armature voltage), and the synchronous machine absorbs lagging reactive power from the system. Hereinafter, lagging reactive power is simply referred to as reactive power. In this case, the armature reaction becomes a magnetizing effect. The load observed from a synchronous generator produces reactive power at a leading power factor (capacitive). From the power source perspective, a synchronous motor absorbs reactive power and has a lagging load (inductive). In strong excitation with large excitation current, the voltage generated by the synchronous machine (no-load induced EMF) is higher than the system voltage (armature voltage), and the synchronous machine supplies reactive power to the system. In this case, the armature reaction becomes a demagnetizing effect. The load seen from a synchronous generator absorbs reactive power with a lagging power factor (inductive). In the case of a synchronous motor, reactive power is produced by the load (capacitive) generated from the power source.

Friedrich Schwingtechnik motor applications

Compared with traditional reactive types, the hybrid induction motor structure adds permanent magnets to the rotor to provide the operating point for soft magnetic materials, while the stator excitation only needs to provide a changing magnetic field without supplying energy for the magnetic material's operating point. Therefore, this motor has high efficiency, low current, and low heat generation. Due to the presence of permanent magnets, this motor has a strong back EMF and good self-damping, resulting in smooth operation, low noise, and low-frequency vibration. To some extent, the hybrid induction motor can be regarded as a low-speed synchronous motor. A four-phase motor can operate in four-phase mode or two-phase mode (bipolar voltage drive must be used), whereas a reactive motor cannot do so. For example, four-phase, eight-phase operation (A-AB-B-BC-C-CD-D-DA-A) can fully adopt a two-phase eight-step operation mode. It is not difficult to find that the conditions are C=, D=. The internal winding of a two-phase motor is completely consistent with that of a four-phase motor. Low-power motors are generally directly connected as two-phase, while higher-power motors often have eight external leads (four-phase) for flexible use and to dynamically change motor characteristics. In this way, they can be used as four-phase motors, or as two-phase motors with windings connected in series or parallel.

Friedrich Schwingtechnik motor performance

Motor technology is widely used in aviation, aerospace, and mold industries. High-speed machine tools and virtual axis machine tools represent major breakthroughs in machine tool technology. Whether for conventional CNC machine tools or virtual axis machine tools, the key component for achieving high speeds remains the spindle unit. Spindle high-speed capability is commonly measured by the dn value (the dn value refers to the product of the average diameter of the spindle bearings (mm) and the limit speed of the spindle (r/min)). With developments in bearing and lubrication technologies, spindle speeds have increased year by year. Data shows that after the development of oil-air lubrication devices and the adoption of angular contact ceramic ball bearings, new lubrication methods such as jet lubrication were adopted in the 90s. For spindle units with speeds above 10000r/min, drive via belts or couplings is no longer suitable; a more reasonable approach is direct drive with an built-in motor, where the motor rotor is mounted directly on the spindle and the stator is installed in the spindle sleeve, forming what is known as an electric spindle. This electric spindle features compact structure, ease of balancing, and high transmission efficiency, making it an ideal structure for high-speed spindles. The performance of electric spindles is significantly influenced by bearings and their lubrication technology, as well as many other factors, including control of bearing preload, heating and cooling of the built-in motor, dynamic balancing of the spindle, and connection of components on the shaft.

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