Fluid-o-Tech s.r.l. Motor Germany Fluid-o-Tech s.r.l. Model Fluid-o-Tech s.r.l. Price

Fluid-o-Tech s.r.l. A motor that changes speed by altering the number of pole pairs, voltage, current, frequency, etc., to achieve higher performance. Due to its excellent performance, variable-speed motors are widely used in industries such as steel, power stations, cables, chemicals, petroleum, cement, textiles, printing and dyeing, papermaking, and machinery for stepless speed control of constant torque or decreasing torque loads. They are particularly suitable for driving pumps and fans with large flow variations, achieving good energy saving effects.

Fluid-o-Tech s.r.l. Motor Classification

General DC motors share the same working principles and application characteristics, but their compositions differ. In addition to the motor itself, the former includes a commutation circuit, with the motor and commutation circuit closely integrated. Many low-power motors have the motor body and commutation circuit combined into one unit; visually, brushless DC motors look identical to DC motors. The motor body of a brushless DC motor is the electromechanical energy conversion part, comprising the armature, permanent magnet excitation, and sensors. The motor body is the core of the brushless DC motor, affecting performance metrics, noise, vibration, reliability, service life, manufacturing costs, and product cost. Using permanent magnet fields allows brushless DC motors to break away from traditional DC motor designs, meeting various market requirements and developing towards copper saving, material efficiency, and simplified manufacturing. The development of permanent magnet fields is closely related to the application of permanent magnet materials; the application of third-generation permanent magnet materials has pushed brushless DC motors towards high efficiency, miniaturization, and energy saving. Electronic commutation requires position signals to control the circuit. Early systems used electromechanical position sensors, but electronic position sensors or other methods are now gradually adopted; the simplest method uses the back EMF of the armature winding as the position signal. Speed control requires speed signals. Speed signals are obtained using methods similar to those for position signals; the simplest speed sensor combines a frequency-measuring tachogenerator with electronic circuits. The commutation circuit of a brushless DC motor consists of drive and control parts, which are difficult to separate, especially in low-power applications where they are often integrated into a single ASIC. In higher-power motors, the drive and control circuits can be separate. The drive circuit outputs electrical power to drive the motor armature winding and is controlled by the control circuit. Drive circuits have shifted from linear amplification to PWM switching states, and their composition has changed from discrete transistor circuits to modular ICs. Modular ICs include power bipolar transistors, power MOSFETs, and IGBTs. Although IGBTs are more expensive, they are more suitable in terms of reliability, safety, and performance. The control circuit regulates motor speed, direction, current (or torque) and provides protection against overcurrent, overvoltage, and overheating. These parameters are easily converted to analog signals for simpler control, but development trends favor converting motor parameters to digital quantities for control via digital circuits. Currently, control circuits use ASICs, microprocessors, or DSPs. For applications with less stringent control requirements, ASICs are a simple and practical solution. Using DSPs is the future direction; DSPs will be discussed later in the context of AC synchronous servo motors. Brushless DC motors are a rapidly developing new type of motor in the micropower range. Since different applications require unique brushless DC motors, there are many types. These include flat coreless motor structures for computer external storage and VCD, DVD, CD spindle drives; external rotor motor structures for small ventilators; multi-pole magnetic field structures and internal mounting structures for home appliances; and multi-pole, external rotor structures for electric bicycles. In these brushless DC motors, the motor body and circuit are integrated, making them very convenient to use, and their production volume is very large. To meet the market demand for high volume and low cost, brushless DC motor production must achieve economies of scale. Therefore, the brushless DC motor industry involves high investment and high output. Meanwhile, we must consider continuous market development; for example, motors for household air conditioners are shifting from 3A to 3D, creating a demand for a large number of medium and low-power brushless DC motors. Research and development of medium and low-power brushless DC motors has become an urgent task.

Fluid-o-Tech s.r.l. Motor Fault Handling

Motor winding grounding. 1. Fault symptoms: live casing, loss of control circuit control, winding short-circuit heating, causing the motor to fail to operate normally. 2. Causes: moisture in the winding reduces insulation resistance; long-term overload operation of the motor; corrosion by harmful gases; metal foreign objects entering the winding and damaging insulation; insulation damage touching the core when rewinding the stator winding; winding ends touching the end cover or frame; insulation burns caused by stator-rotor friction; lead wire insulation damage touching the housing; insulation breakdown due to overvoltage (such as lightning). 3. Inspection methods: (1) Visual inspection. Observe the winding ends and slot insulation for damage or charring; if present, this indicates the grounding point. (2) Multimeter inspection. Use the low-resistance range of a multimeter; a very low reading indicates grounding. (3) Megohmmeter method. Select different megohmmeters according to the class to measure the insulation resistance of each group. If the reading is zero, the winding is grounded. However, for insulation moisture or accident-induced breakdown, judgment based on experience is required; generally, if the pointer fluctuates unstably at "0", it is considered to have a certain resistance value. (4) Test lamp method. If the test lamp lights up, the winding is grounded. If sparks or smoke are observed at a specific location, that is the grounding fault point. If the lamp glows dimly, there is insulation breakdown. If the lamp does not light up but sparks appear when the test probe is grounded, the winding is not broken down but severely damp. Lightly tapping the edge of the housing stop with hard wood; if the light flickers on and off at a certain point, indicating intermittent current, that point is the grounding point. (5) Current burn-out method. Connect a variable transformer to the power supply; the grounding point will heat up quickly, and the spot where insulation smokes is the grounding point. Pay special attention: for small motors, the current must not exceed twice the rated current, and the time must not exceed half a minute; for large motors, use 20%-50% of the rated current or gradually increase the current until smoke just appears at the grounding point, then immediately cut off the power. (6) Group elimination method. For grounding points inside the core with severe burning, where burnt copper wires fuse with the core, divide the grounded phase winding into two halves, and so on, to finally locate the grounding point. 4. Treatment methods: (1) For grounding caused by winding moisture, dry first. When cooled to about 60–70°C, apply insulating varnish and dry again. (2) When insulation at the winding ends is damaged, re-insulate the grounding point, apply varnish, and dry. (3) When the grounding point is in the slot, rewind the winding or replace part of the winding components. Finally, measure with different megohmmeters to ensure technical requirements are met.

Fluid-o-Tech s.r.l. Motor Development History

Motor development history: By changing the positions of the stator and rotor of a permanent magnet DC motor, a permanent magnet brushless DC motor is obtained. Note that the term "DC" can be misleading, as it does not refer to a DC motor; in fact, it uses AC square wave power supply, so it is also called a permanent magnet brushless square wave motor. Its greatest advantage is being brushless, eliminating many problems caused by brushes. Moreover, the interaction between square wave current and square wave magnetic field can generate greater torque. The full name given by Professor Shen Dawei of Foshan Lighting is "Permanent Magnet Brushless Square Wave Torque Motor." Replacing the excitation winding of traditional synchronous motors with permanent magnet materials eliminates the copper losses of traditional brushes, slip rings, and excitation windings. Due to the use of sinusoidal AC and brushless structure, it is also called a permanent magnet brushless AC motor. Its advantages are high energy density and high efficiency, a wider speed range in the constant power region, and the ability to meet the high-performance requirements of electric vehicles through vector control. Asynchronous motors are characterized by simple structure, durability, low cost, reliable operation, low torque ripple, low noise, no need for position sensors, and high speed limits. Asynchronous motor vector control speed regulation technology is relatively mature, giving asynchronous motor drive systems significant advantages, so they were applied earlier to electric vehicle drive systems and remain the mainstream product for electric vehicle drive systems (especially in the US), but are gradually being replaced by other new brushless permanent magnet traction motor drive systems. The biggest disadvantage is the complex drive circuit and high cost; compared to permanent magnet motors, asynchronous motors have lower efficiency and power density.

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