faulhaber motor Germany faulhaber model faulhaber price

faulhaber motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. It uses energized coils (i.e., stator windings) to generate a rotating magnetic field that acts on the rotor (such as a squirrel-cage closed aluminum frame) to form electromagnetic rotational torque. Motors are classified into DC motors and AC motors according to the power supply used. Most motors in power systems are AC motors, which can be synchronous motors or asynchronous motors (the speed of the motor stator magnetic field does not remain synchronized with the rotor rotation speed). The motor mainly consists of a stator and a rotor. The direction of motion of the current-carrying conductor under force in the magnetic field is related to the direction of the current and the direction of the magnetic field lines (magnetic field direction). The working principle of the motor is that the magnetic field exerts a force on the current, causing the motor to rotate.

faulhaber motor control principle

The control principle of the motor requires the control unit to first determine the sequence for turning on the power transistors in the inverter based on the rotor position sensed by the hall-sensor, according to the stator winding. This involves AH, BH, CH (these are called upper-arm power transistors) and AL, BL, CL (these are called lower-arm power transistors) in the inverter, causing current to flow through the motor coils in sequence to generate a forward (or reverse) rotating magnetic field, which interacts with the rotor magnets, thereby enabling the motor to rotate clockwise/counterclockwise. When the motor rotor rotates to a position where the hall-sensor senses another set of signals, the control unit turns on the next group of power transistors. In this cycle, the motor continues to rotate in the same direction until the control unit decides to stop the rotor by turning off the power transistors; to reverse the rotor, the turn-on sequence of the power transistors is reversed. Basically, the switching of power transistors can be exemplified as follows: AH and BL as a group → AH and CL as a group → BH and CL as a group → BH and AL as a group → CH and AL as a group → CH and BL as a group. However, AH and AL, or BH and BL, or CH and CL must never be turned on simultaneously.

faulhaber motor mechanical characteristics

Due to their low starting current and high starting torque, motors are often used in applications with difficult starting conditions, or as drives in mechanisms requiring high starting torque with intermittent instantaneous operation, such as for operating control switches. This allows for high starting torque and the selection of much smaller physical dimensions compared to other types of motors. In addition, universal motors have a wide speed regulation range and can achieve high speeds. Generally, the speed of an asynchronous motor depends on the number of poles and the supply frequency. For a two-pole motor supplied with 50Hz, the maximum speed is lower than 3ooor/min. Of course, variable frequency motors can increase speed, but require a dedicated power supply. Speed can be increased in design by reducing the number of armature conductors; for example, universal motors for power tools reach speeds of 9900 to 145oor/min, and high-speed centrifuges for medical devices can reach maximum speeds of 20000r/min. Therefore, this type of motor can be selected for high-speed applications, such as dental drills driven by universal motors. The mechanical characteristics of universal motors are relatively soft; when torque increases, speed drops rapidly, limiting the increase in output power. They are not prone to overload due to increased load, making them suitable for constant power control applications or places where load torque changes significantly. For example, in the constant tension structure of tape recorders and bicycle transmission mechanisms, this type of motor can replace permanent magnet DC motors. When the load is very small, the speed of a universal motor becomes very high, so it cannot operate at full voltage with no load. Generally, when operating at full voltage, the minimum load should not be less than 25% to 30% of the rated value. When the load is very small, the speed of a universal motor becomes very high, so it cannot operate at full voltage with no load. Generally, when operating at full voltage, the minimum load should not be less than 25% to 30% of the rated value.

faulhaber motor structure

The motor mainly consists of components such as the stator, rotor, and end covers. The stator is made of laminated stacks to reduce iron losses during motor operation and contains three-phase AC windings, referred to as the armature. The rotor can be made in solid form or from laminated stacks, with permanent magnet materials mounted on it. Depending on the position of the permanent magnet material on the motor rotor, permanent magnet synchronous motors can be divided into two structural forms: surface-mounted and interior-mounted. Figure 1 shows the corresponding schematic diagrams. The surface-mounted rotor has a simple magnetic circuit structure and low manufacturing cost, but since start windings cannot be installed on its surface, asynchronous starting cannot be achieved. The interior-mounted rotor magnetic circuit structure mainly has 3 types: radial, tangential, and hybrid. The main difference between them lies in the relationship between the magnetization direction of the permanent magnets and the rotor rotation direction. Figure 2 shows the magnetic circuit structures of 3 different forms of interior-mounted rotors. Since the permanent magnets are placed inside the rotor, pole shoes can be formed on the rotor surface. Inserting copper bars or cast aluminum into the pole shoes provides starting and damping functions, resulting in good steady-state and dynamic performance. Furthermore, due to the asymmetry of the interior-mounted rotor magnetic circuit, reluctance torque is generated during operation, which helps improve the motor's power density and overload capacity. This structure also facilitates field-weakening speed expansion.

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