Bosch Rexroth motor, German Bosch Rexroth model, Bosch Rexroth price

Bosch Rexroth motors are rotating machines with internal brush assemblies that convert DC electrical energy into mechanical energy (DC motors) or mechanical energy into DC electrical energy (DC generators). Unlike brushless DC motors, the brush assembly is used to introduce or extract DC voltage and current. DC brushed motors are the foundation of all motors, featuring fast startup, timely braking, smooth speed regulation over a wide range, and relatively simple control circuits.

Bosch Rexroth motor performance

Motor technology has been widely applied in the aviation, aerospace, and mold industries. High-speed machine tools and virtual axis machine tools both represent groundbreaking major changes in machine tools. Whether for conventional CNC machine tools or virtual axis machine tools, the key component for achieving high speed remains the spindle unit. Spindle high-speed capability is commonly measured by the dn value (the dn value refers to the product of the average diameter (mm) of the spindle bearings and the maximum rotational speed (r/min) of the spindle). With the development of bearing and lubrication technologies, spindle speeds have been increasing year by year. Data indicates that after the development of oil-air lubrication devices and the adoption of angular contact ceramic ball bearings, a new lubrication method—jet lubrication—was adopted in the 90s. For spindle units with speeds above 10000r/min, drive via belts or couplings is no longer suitable; a more reasonable approach is direct drive using a built-in motor, where the motor rotor is mounted directly on the spindle and the stator is installed within the spindle sleeve, forming what is known as an electric spindle. This electric spindle features advantages such as compact structure, ease of balancing, and high transmission efficiency, making it an ideal structure for high-speed spindles. In addition to being significantly influenced by bearings and their lubrication technology, the performance of electric spindles is affected by many other factors, including control of bearing preload, heat generation and cooling of the built-in motor, dynamic balancing of the spindle, and the connection of components on the shaft.

Bosch Rexroth motor working principle

The working principle of the motor is based on the DC series-wound motor. As shown in Figure 1, the field winding and armature winding are connected in series to a DC power supply. Based on the direction of the main magnetic flux Φ and the armature current Ia, the direction of rotor rotation can be determined according to the left-hand rule; in a, it rotates counterclockwise. If the polarity of the power supply is reversed, as shown in Figure 1b, since it is a series-wound motor, both the main magnetic flux Φ and the armature current Ia change direction simultaneously. According to the left-hand rule, the rotor direction remains unchanged, still rotating counterclockwise. Therefore, when a single-phase AC voltage is applied to the series-wound motor, as shown in Figure 1c, although the power supply polarity changes periodically, the rotor maintains a constant direction of rotation. Thus, series-wound motors can be used with both AC and DC power sources. Single-phase series-wound motors belong to single-phase AC asynchronous motors and are dual-use for AC and DC, hence also called AC/DC universal series-wound motors. Due to their high speed, small size, high starting torque, and adjustable speed, they can be used on both DC and single-phase AC power sources, leading to widespread application in power tools. The motor mainly consists of three parts: stator, rotor, and frame. The stator consists of salient pole iron cores and field windings; the rotor consists of non-salient pole iron cores, armature windings, commutators, and shafts. The field winding and armature winding form a series circuit through brushes and the commutator.

Bosch Rexroth motor classification

Theoretically, if measures are taken to create a certain phase difference in the AC currents flowing through the two windings of a single-phase motor, it can start. How to create a certain phase difference between magnetomotive forces or magnetic fluxes that are already spatially offset by a certain angle is the starting point for solving the starting problem. Accordingly, single-phase AC asynchronous motors can be divided into two main categories: split-phase and shaded-pole. Split-phase single-phase motors use capacitors or resistors connected in series with the inductive starting winding to achieve phase shifting, causing the current phase in the starting winding to differ from that in the running winding, known as "split-phase." Capacitor split-phase single-phase motor principle wiring. Due to the significant phase-shifting effect of capacitors, connecting a capacitor of appropriate capacity (generally about 20～50μF) in series with the starting winding can make the current phase difference between the two windings close to 90°. At this point, the resulting rotating magnetic field is close to a circular rotating magnetic field, resulting in high starting torque and low starting current. This type of single-phase motor is widely used; after starting, the capacitor can be retained (known as capacitor-run motor) or disconnected (known as capacitor-start motor, executed by a centrifugal switch inside the motor) as needed. To change the motor's direction of rotation, simply swap the output terminals of any one winding, which reverses the current phase relationship between the two windings. Resistance split-phase single-phase motors have fewer turns and thinner wires, resulting in lower reactance and higher resistance compared to the running winding. When using resistance split-phase starting, the starting winding current leads the running winding, creating an elliptical rotating magnetic field with high ellipticity, resulting in low starting torque, suitable only for no-load or light-load applications, and thus less commonly used. The starting winding of resistance split-phase single-phase motors is generally designed for short-term operation and is disconnected by a centrifugal switch after starting, with the running winding maintaining operation. Figure (b) shows the principle wiring of a resistance split-phase single-phase motor.

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