38/5/2 in stock German 38/5/2 electrical components 38/5/2 inventory

38/5/2 electrical components are switches controlled by electromagnets, i.e., a combination of an electromagnet and a switch. When the electromagnet coil is energized, it generates electromagnetic attraction, causing the movable iron core to push or pull the switch contacts to close, thereby connecting the controlled circuit. Electromagnetic switches are widely used in various industries, most commonly as contactors in the industrial sector. An electromagnetic switch is the control switch on a starter motor and is one of the three major components of a starter motor (DC motor, transmission engagement mechanism, electromagnetic switch). Its working principle is that the coil generates electromagnetic attraction when energized, causing the movable iron core to move, thereby on one hand pulling the transmission engagement mechanism to move the starter pinion forward to engage with the engine flywheel ring gear, and on the other hand pushing the switch contacts to connect, enabling the DC motor to operate and thus driving the engine to start.

38/5/2 electrical component principles

Two conductors of different compositions (called thermocouple wires or thermoelectrodes) are joined at both ends to form a loop. When the temperatures at the two junctions differ, an electromotive force is generated in the loop. This phenomenon is called the thermoelectric effect, and this electromotive force is called thermoelectric potential. Thermocouples use this principle for temperature measurement. The end directly used to measure the temperature of the medium is called the hot junction (also known as the measuring end), and the other end is called the cold junction (also known as the compensation end). The cold junction is connected to a display instrument or matching instrument, which indicates the thermoelectric potential generated by the thermocouple. A thermocouple is essentially an energy converter that converts thermal energy into electrical energy, using the generated thermoelectric potential to measure temperature. Regarding the thermoelectric potential of a thermocouple, note the following issues: 1, the thermoelectric potential of a thermocouple is the difference between the temperature functions at the two ends of the thermocouple's hot junction, not a function of the temperature difference between the cold junction and the hot junction; 2, the magnitude of the thermoelectric potential generated by a thermocouple, when the thermocouple material is uniform, is independent of the length and diameter of the thermocouple and depends only on the composition of the thermocouple material and the temperature difference between the two ends; 3, once the material composition of the two thermocouple wires is determined, the magnitude of the thermoelectric potential depends only on the temperature difference of the thermocouple; if the temperature of the cold junction is kept constant, the thermoelectric potential of the thermocouple is then a single-valued function of the hot junction temperature. Join two conductors or semiconductors of different materials, A and B, by welding them to form a closed loop, as shown in the figure. When there is a temperature difference between the two junction points 1 and 4 of conductors A and B, an electromotive force is generated between them, thus forming a current of a certain magnitude in the loop. Thermocouples operate based on this effect.

38/5/2 electrical component classification

1, classified by operating nature, they can be divided into transmitting antennas and receiving antennas. 2, classified by application, they can be divided into communication antennas, broadcast antennas, television antennas, radar antennas, etc. 3, classified by directivity, they can be divided into omnidirectional antennas and directional antennas, etc. 4, classified by operating wavelength, they can be divided into ultra-long wave antennas, long wave antennas, medium wave antennas, short wave antennas, ultra-short wave antennas, microwave antennas, etc. 5, classified by structural form and working principle, they can be divided into wire antennas and aperture antennas, etc. Characteristic parameters describing antennas include radiation pattern, directivity coefficient, gain, input impedance, radiation efficiency, polarization, and bandwidth. 6, classified by dimensionality, they can be divided into two types: ① One-dimensional antennas consist of many wires, which may be straight lines like those used in mobile phones, or some clever shapes, like the old rabbit-ear antennas used on televisions before cable appeared. Monopole and dipole antennas are the two most basic one-dimensional antennas. ② Two-dimensional antennas: diverse in form, including patch type (a square piece of metal), array type (a bundle of patches organized in a two-dimensional pattern), horn type, and dish type. 9, antennas can be divided into three major categories based on the usage scenario: handheld transceiver antennas, vehicle-mounted antennas, and base station antennas. Handheld transceiver antennas: these are antennas for personal use with handheld two-way radios, commonly including rubber antennas and telescopic antennas. Vehicle-mounted antennas: these refer to communication antennas originally designed for installation on vehicles, with suction cup antennas being the most common and widely applied. Vehicle-mounted antenna structures also include shortened types, quarter-wavelength, center-loaded, five-eighths wavelength, and double half-wavelength forms. Base station antennas: play a very critical role in the entire communication system, especially as communication hubs for base stations. Commonly used base station antennas include fiberglass high-gain antennas, four-ring array antennas (eight-ring array antennas), and directional ant

38/5/2 electrical component principles

The working principle of a gas discharge tube is gas gap discharge i. When a certain voltage is applied between the two poles of the discharge tube, a non-uniform electric field is generated between the poles. Under the action of this electric field, the gas inside the tube begins to ionize. When the external voltage increases to a level where the field strength between the poles exceeds the insulation strength of the gas, the gap between the two poles breaks down and discharges, transitioning from an insulating state to a conductive state. After conduction, the voltage between the two poles of the discharge tube is maintained at a residual voltage level determined by the discharge arc channel. This residual voltage is generally very low, thereby protecting electronic equipment connected in parallel with the discharge tube from overvoltage damage.

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