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Avago Technologies electrical components are tools that can accurately determine and measure temperature, divided into pointer thermometers and digital thermometers. Depending on the temperature-sensing substance used and the temperature measurement range, there are kerosene thermometers, alcohol thermometers, mercury thermometers, gas thermometers, resistance thermometers, thermocouple thermometers, radiation thermometers and optical pyrometers, bimetallic thermometers, etc. Digital thermometers can accurately determine and measure temperature, displaying it numerically rather than with a pointer or mercury. Hence they are called digital thermometers or digital temperature gauges.

Avago Technologies electrical components principle

A fuel cell is an energy conversion device that converts the chemical energy stored in fuel and oxidant directly into electrical energy isothermally according to electrochemical principles, i.e., the working principle of a primary battery; thus, the actual process is a redox reaction. A fuel cell mainly consists of four parts: anode, cathode, electrolyte, and external circuit. Fuel gas and oxidizing gas are introduced into the anode and cathode of the fuel cell, respectively. The fuel gas releases electrons at the anode; the electrons are conducted through the external circuit to the cathode, where they combine with the oxidizing gas to form ions. Under the action of the electric field, the ions migrate through the electrolyte to the anode, react with the fuel gas, complete the circuit, and generate current. Meanwhile, due to the electrochemical reaction itself and the internal resistance of the cell, the fuel cell also generates a certain amount of heat. In addition to conducting electrons, the cathode and anode also serve as catalysts for the redox reaction. When the fuel is a hydrocarbon, the anode requires higher catalytic activity. The cathode and anode are typically porous to facilitate the introduction of reactant gases and the discharge of products. The electrolyte serves to transport ions and separate the fuel gas from the oxidizing gas. To prevent mixing of the two gases, which would cause an internal short circuit, the electrolyte is usually a dense structure. The composition of a fuel cell is similar to that of a conventional battery. Its single cell consists of two electrodes (negative electrode, i.e., fuel electrode, and positive electrode, i.e., oxidant electrode) and an electrolyte. The difference is that the active materials of a conventional battery are stored inside the battery, thus limiting the battery capacity. In contrast, the positive and negative electrodes of a fuel cell do not contain active materials themselves but are merely catalytic conversion elements. Therefore, a fuel cell is truly an energy conversion machine that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. During operation, fuel and oxidant are supplied externally to undergo reaction. In principle, as long as reactants are continuously input and reaction products are continuously removed, the fuel cell can generate electricity continuously.

Avago Technologies electrical components principle

The working principle of a discharge tube is gas gap discharge i. When a certain voltage is applied between the two poles of the discharge tube, a non-uniform electric field is generated between the poles: under the action of this electric field, the gas inside the tube begins to ionize. When the external voltage increases to the point where the field strength between the poles exceeds the insulation strength of the gas, the gap between the two poles breaks down and discharges, changing from an insulating state to a conductive state. After conduction, the voltage between the two poles of the discharge tube is maintained at the residual voltage level determined by the discharge arc channel. This residual voltage is generally very low, thereby protecting electronic equipment connected in parallel with the discharge tube from overvoltage damage.

Avago Technologies electrical components classification

Cables include power cables, control cables, compensation cables, shielded cables, high-temperature cables, computer cables, signal cables, coaxial cables, fire-resistant cables, marine cables, mining cables, aluminum alloy cables, etc. They are all composed of single-strand or multi-strand conductors and insulation layers, used to connect circuits, electrical appliances, etc. Cables can be divided into DC cables and AC cables according to the photovoltaic power station system, and are classified into DC cables and AC cables based on application and operating environment.

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