bechtle electrical components Germany bechtle model bechtle price

bechtle electrical components are instruments used to transform voltage. However, the purpose of a transformer in transforming voltage is to facilitate the transmission of electrical energy, so its capacity is large, generally calculated in kilovolt-amperes or megavolt-amperes; whereas the purpose of a voltage transformer in transforming voltage is mainly to supply power to measuring instruments and relay protection devices, to measure the voltage, power, and energy of the line, or to protect valuable equipment, motors, and transformers in the line when a fault occurs. Therefore, the capacity of a voltage transformer is very small, generally only a few volt-amperes or tens of volt-amperes, with a maximum not exceeding one thousand volt-amperes.

bechtle electrical component classification

Plug-in fuses are often used at the end of lines for short-circuit protection of distribution branch circuits or electrical equipment. The screw-type fuse has a fuse indicator on the upper cap of the fusible element; once the fusible element melts, the indicator pops out immediately and can be observed through the glass hole on the ceramic cap. It is often used in machine tool electrical control equipment. Screw-type fuses. Enclosed fuses are divided into filled fuses and non-filled fuses. Filled fuses generally use square ceramic tubes containing quartz sand and the fusible element, offering high breaking capacity. Non-filled enclosed fuses enclose the fusible element in a sealed cylinder, resulting in slightly lower breaking capacity. Fast-acting fuses are mainly used for short-circuit protection of semiconductor rectifier elements or rectifier devices. Since semiconductor elements have very low overload capacity and can only withstand large overload currents for an extremely short time, short-circuit protection requires fast-acting fusing capability. The structure of fast-acting fuses is basically the same as that of filled enclosed fuses, but the material and shape of the fusible element differ; it uses a silver sheet stamped into a variable cross-section fusible element with V-shaped deep grooves. Fast-acting fuses are commonly referred to as "fast fuses," characterized by fast fusing speed, high rated current, strong breaking capacity, stable current-limiting characteristics, and small size. Self-resetting fuses use sodium metal as the fusible element, which has high electrical conductivity at room temperature. When a short-circuit fault occurs in the circuit, the short-circuit current generates high temperature, causing the sodium to vaporize rapidly. The gaseous sodium presents a high-resistance state, thereby limiting the short-circuit current. After the short-circuit current disappears and the temperature drops, the sodium metal restores its original good conductivity. Self-resetting fuses can only limit short-circuit current and cannot truly disconnect the circuit. Their advantage is that the fusible element does not need to be replaced, allowing for repeated use.

bechtle electrical component principle

1. Emission of electrons from the emitter to the base: The power supply Ub is applied across the emitter junction via resistor Rb, forward-biasing the emitter junction. The majority carriers (free electrons) in the emitter region continuously cross the emitter junction into the base region, forming the emitter current Ie. At the same time, majority carriers in the base region also diffuse toward the emitter region, but since their concentration is far lower than that of the carrier concentration in the emitter region, this current can be neglected. Therefore, it can be considered that the emitter junction current is primarily an electron flow. 2. Diffusion and recombination of electrons in the base region: After entering the base region, electrons first accumulate near the emitter junction, gradually forming an electron concentration gradient. Under the influence of this concentration gradient, the electron flow diffuses through the base region toward the collector junction and is pulled into the collector region by the electric field of the collector junction, forming the collector current Ic. A very small portion of electrons (because the base region is very thin) recombine with holes in the base region. The ratio of the diffused electron flow to the recombined electron flow determines the amplification capability of the transistor. 10. Collection of electrons by the collector region: Due to the large reverse voltage applied externally to the collector junction, the electric field force generated by this reverse voltage prevents electrons in the collector region from diffusing into the base region and simultaneously pulls electrons diffusing near the collector junction into the collector region, thereby forming the main collector current Icn. In addition, minority carriers (holes) in the collector region also undergo drift motion, flowing toward the base region to form a reverse saturation current, denoted by Icbo. Its value is very small, but it is exceptionally sensitive to temperature.

bechtle electrical component function

When the distance between the observer or system and the wave source changes, the frequency of the approaching waves shifts. This phenomenon is called the Doppler effect. Sonar and radar are developed based on the principle of this effect. The Doppler effect can be utilized to manufacture ultrasonic proximity switches, microwave proximity switches, etc. When an object approaches, the reflected signal received by the proximity switch undergoes a Doppler frequency shift, thereby identifying whether an object is approaching. Proximity switches are widely used in aviation, aerospace technology, and industrial production. In daily life, they are applied in automatic doors in hotels, restaurants, and garages, as well as in automatic hot air blowers. For security and anti-theft purposes, important locations such as archives, accounting departments, financial institutions, museums, and vaults are typically equipped with anti-theft devices composed of various proximity switches. In measurement technology, such as for length and position measurements, and in control technology, such as for the measurement and control of displacement, velocity, and acceleration, a large number of proximity switches are also used.

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