busch und jaeger electrical components German busch und jaeger models busch und jaeger prices

busch und jaeger electrical components are high-power electrical components, also known as thyristors. They have the advantages of small size, high efficiency, and long service life. In automatic control systems, they can serve as high-power drive devices, enabling low-power control elements to control high-power equipment. They are widely used in AC/DC motor speed control systems, power regulation systems, and servo systems. Thyristors are divided into unidirectional thyristors and bidirectional thyristors. Bidirectional thyristors are also called triac bidirectional thyristors, abbreviated as TRIAC. A bidirectional thyristor is structurally equivalent to two unidirectional thyristors connected in reverse; this type of thyristor has bidirectional conduction capability. Its on/off state is determined by the gate G. Applying a positive pulse (or negative pulse) to the gate G enables forward (or reverse) conduction. The advantages of this device include a simple control circuit and no reverse voltage withstand issue, making it particularly suitable for use as an AC contactless switch.

busch und jaeger electrical component performance

The performance of fiber optic connectors primarily involves optical performance, but also considers interchangeability, repeatability, tensile strength, temperature resistance, and mating cycles. 1. Optical performance: The main requirements for the optical performance of fiber optic connectors are insertion loss and return loss, which are the two most basic parameters. Insertion loss, or connection loss, refers to the loss of effective optical power in the link caused by the introduction of the connector. Lower insertion loss is better; generally, it should not exceed 0.5dB. Return loss refers to the connector's ability to suppress optical power reflection in the link; its typical value should be no less than 25dB. For connectors in practical applications, the ferrule surface undergoes specialized polishing treatment to achieve higher return loss, generally no less than 45dB. 2. Interchangeability and repeatability: Fiber optic connectors are universal passive components. Connectors of the same type can generally be combined arbitrarily and reused multiple times, with the additional loss introduced thereby typically remaining within the range of less than 0.2dB. (3) Tensile strength: For assembled fiber optic connectors, the tensile strength is generally required to be no less than 90N. (4) Temperature: Generally, fiber optic connectors must operate normally within a temperature range of -40oC to +70oC. (5) Mating cycles: Most fiber optic connectors in use can withstand more than l010 mating cycles.

busch und jaeger electrical component principle

When two different conductors or semiconductors A and B form a loop with their ends connected, as long as the temperatures at the two junctions differ, with one end at temperature T (called the working end or hot end) and the other end at temperature T0 (called the free end or cold end), an electromotive force (EMF) is generated in the loop. The direction and magnitude of this EMF depend on the conductor materials and the temperatures of the two junctions. This phenomenon is called the "thermoelectric effect," the loop formed by the two conductors is called a "thermocouple," the two conductors are called "thermoelectrodes," and the generated EMF is called "thermoelectric EMF." Thermoelectric EMF consists of two parts: the contact EMF between the two conductors and the temperature difference EMF of a single conductor. The magnitude of the thermoelectric EMF in a thermocouple loop depends only on the conductor materials forming the thermocouple and the temperatures of the two junctions, and is independent of the shape and dimensions of the thermocouple. Once the materials of the two thermocouple electrodes are fixed, the thermoelectric EMF is the functional difference between the temperatures t and t0 of the two junctions. This relationship is widely applied in practical temperature measurement. Since the cold end t0 is constant, the thermoelectric EMF generated by the thermocouple changes only with the temperature of the hot end (measurement end); that is, a specific thermoelectric EMF corresponds to a specific temperature. By measuring the thermoelectric EMF, the purpose of temperature measurement can be achieved. The basic principle of thermocouple temperature measurement is that two conductors of different compositions form a closed loop; when a temperature gradient exists between the two ends, current flows through the loop, creating an EMF between the ends—thermoelectric EMF—which is known as the Seebeck effect. Two homogeneous conductors of different compositions serve as thermoelectrodes, with the higher-temperature end being the working end and the lower-temperature end being the free end, which is usually maintained at a constant temperature. Based on the functional relationship between thermoelectric EMF and temperature, thermocouple reference tables are created; these tables are derived under the condition that the free end temperature is 5°C, and different thermocouples have different reference tables. When a third metal material is introduced into the thermocouple loop, as long as the temperatures at the two junctions of this material are identical, the thermoelectric potential generated by the thermocouple remains unchanged, meaning it is unaffected by the introduction of the third metal into the loop. Therefore, during thermocouple temperature measurement, measuring instruments can be connected; after measuring the thermoelectric EMF, the temperature of the measured medium can be determined. Thermocouple temperature measurement requires the temperature of the cold end (the measurement end is the hot end, and the end connected to the measurement circuit via lead wires is called the cold end) to remain constant so that the thermoelectric potential maintains a proportional relationship with the measured temperature. If the (ambient) temperature of the cold end changes during measurement, it will seriously affect measurement accuracy. Taking measures at the cold end to compensate for the effects of cold end temperature changes is called thermocouple cold junction compensation. Special compensation cables are used for connection to measuring instruments. Thermocouple cold junction compensation calculation methods: (1) From millivolts to temperature: Measure the cold end temperature, convert it to the corresponding millivolt value, add it to the thermocouple's millivolt value, and convert the result to temperature; (2) From temperature to millivolts: Measure the actual temperature and the cold end temperature, convert them separately to millivolt values, subtract them to obtain the millivolt value, which yields the temperature.

busch und jaeger electrical component applications

Light-emitting diodes are widely used in many fields. The following outlines their main applications: (1) Applications in consumer electronics: In consumer electronics, light-emitting diodes are generally used as backlight sources for screens or for display and lighting purposes. From large LCD TVs and computer monitors to media players MP3, MP4, and mobile phones, light-emitting diodes are used as screen backlights. (2) Applications in automobiles and heavy machinery: Light-emitting diodes are extensively used in automobiles and heavy machinery. Turn signals, interior lighting, instrument panel lighting, headlights, indicator lights, brake lights, and tail lights in automobiles and heavy mechanical equipment all utilize light-emitting diodes. This is mainly because light-emitting diodes offer fast response times and long service life (the lifespan of a light-emitting diode is generally longer than that of automobiles and heavy machinery). (3) Applications in coal mines: Due to characteristics such as high efficiency, low energy consumption, long lifespan, and high luminous intensity compared to conventional light-emitting devices, light-emitting diodes are used in miner's lamps and underground lighting equipment. Although not yet fully popularized, they will soon see widespread adoption, and light-emitting diodes will replace conventional light-emitting devices in coal mining applications. (10) Urban decorative lighting: In today's bustling commercial era, neon lights are an important symbol of urban prosperity, but they have many drawbacks, such as insufficient lifespan. Therefore, replacing neon lights with light-emitting diodes offers many advantages. Compared to neon lights, light-emitting diodes not only have a longer lifespan but also feature energy savings, simple drive and control requirements, and maintenance-free operation. The replacement of neon lights by light-emitting diodes is an inevitable trend in the development of lighting equipment.

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