Dungs electrical components Germany Dungs model Dungs price

Dungs electrical components refer to an electronic component that can open a circuit, interrupt current flow, or direct it to another circuit. The most common switches are manually operated electromechanical devices with one or more electrical contacts. "Closed" contacts indicate that the electrical contact is conductive, allowing current to flow; "open" switch indicates that the electrical contact is non-conductive, forming an open circuit and preventing current flow. The simplest switch consists of two metal pieces called "contacts"; when the two contacts touch, they complete the current loop, and when they do not touch, the current path is open. When selecting contact metals, consideration must be given to their corrosion resistance, as most metals form insulating oxides after oxidation, preventing normal contact operation. Selection of contact metals must also consider factors such as electrical conductivity, hardness, mechanical strength, cost, and toxicity. Contacts are sometimes plated with corrosion-resistant metals. Plating is generally applied to the contact surface to prevent performance degradation due to oxides. Sometimes non-metallic conductive materials, such as conductive plastics, are used for contact surfaces. In addition to contacts, switches have moving parts that make or break the contact connection. Switches can be classified into toggle switches, push-button switches, rocker switches, etc., based on the type of moving part, which can also be other forms of mechanical linkages.

Dungs electrical component principle

A transformer is a device that changes AC voltage using the principle of electromagnetic induction. Its main components are the primary coil, secondary coil, and iron core (magnetic core). In electrical equipment and wireless circuits, it is commonly used for stepping up or down voltage, impedance matching, and safety isolation. In generators, whether the coil moves through a magnetic field or the magnetic field moves through a fixed coil, an electromotive force is induced in the coil. In both cases, the magnetic flux value remains unchanged, but the amount of flux linking the coil varies, which is the principle of mutual induction. A transformer is a device that utilizes electromagnetic mutual induction to transform voltage, current, and impedance.

Dungs electrical component characteristics

The characteristics of an inductor are opposite to those of a capacitor; it blocks AC while allowing DC to pass smoothly. The resistance when a DC signal passes through the coil is simply the wire's own resistance, resulting in a very small voltage drop; when an AC signal passes through the coil, a self-induced electromotive force is generated at both ends of the coil. The direction of this self-induced EMF is opposite to that of the applied voltage, hindering the passage of AC. Therefore, the characteristic of an inductor is to pass DC and block AC; the higher the frequency, the greater the coil impedance. Inductors often work together with capacitors in circuits to form LC filters, LC oscillators, etc. Additionally, people utilize the properties of inductance to manufacture chokes, transformers, relays, and other devices. Passing DC: This means the inductor presents a closed path to DC. If the resistance of the inductor coil is ignored, DC can pass through the inductor "unimpeded." For DC, the coil's own resistance offers little obstruction, so it is often ignored in circuit analysis. Blocking AC: When AC passes through the inductor coil, the inductor impedes the AC current. This impedance to AC is the inductive reactance of the coil.

Dungs electrical component principle

The thermistor will remain in a non-tripped state for extended periods; when the ambient temperature and current are in the c region, the heat dissipation power of the thermistor is close to its heat generation power, so it may or may not trip. For a given ambient temperature, the tripping time of the thermistor decreases sharply as the current increases; at relatively higher ambient temperatures, the thermistor has a shorter tripping time and lower holding current and tripping current. The PTC effect refers to a material exhibiting the PTC effect, i.e., the positive temperature coefficient effect, meaning that the resistance of this material increases with rising temperature. For example, most metallic materials exhibit the PTC effect. In these materials, the PTC effect manifests as a linear increase in resistance with increasing temperature, which is commonly referred to as the linear PTC effect. Nonlinear PTC effect: Materials undergoing a phase transition exhibit a phenomenon where resistance increases sharply by several to more than ten orders of magnitude over a narrow temperature range, known as the nonlinear PTC effect. Many types of conductive polymers exhibit this effect, such as polymer PTC thermistors. These conductive polymers are very useful for manufacturing overcurrent protection devices. Polymer PTC thermistors are used for overcurrent protection and are often referred to as resettable fuses (hereinafter referred to as thermistors). Due to their unique positive temperature coefficient resistance characteristics, they are highly suitable for use as overcurrent protection devices. The method of using a thermistor is similar to that of a conventional fuse; it is connected in series in the circuit. When the circuit operates normally, the thermistor's temperature is close to room temperature and its resistance is very low, so connecting it in series does not impede current flow. However, when an overcurrent occurs due to a fault, the thermistor's temperature rises due to increased heat generation power. When the temperature exceeds the switching temperature, the resistance increases dramatically, and the current in the circuit rapidly decreases to a safe value. After the thermistor trips, the current in the circuit is significantly reduced; t is the tripping time of the thermistor. Because polymer PTC thermistors offer good design flexibility, their sensitivity to temperature can be adjusted by changing their switching temperature (ts), allowing them to provide both overtemperature and overcurrent protection. They are suitable for overcurrent and overtemperature protection of lithium-ion and nickel-metal hydride batteries. Influence of ambient temperature on polymer PTC thermistors: A polymer PTC thermistor is a direct-heating, step-type thermistor. Its resistance change process is related to its own heat generation and dissipation conditions; therefore, its holding current, tripping current, and tripping time are influenced by ambient temperature.

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