EDIN electrical components Germany EDIN model EDIN price

EDIN electrical component is a photodetector that converts light into current or voltage signals depending on the mode of use. The die typically uses a PN junction with photosensitive characteristics, which is highly sensitive to changes in light, exhibits unidirectional conductivity, and changes its electrical properties with varying light intensity; therefore, the current in the circuit can be changed by varying the light intensity. Photodiodes are also called photoelectric diodes. Photodiodes are similar in structure to semiconductor diodes; their die is a PN junction with photosensitive characteristics and exhibits unidirectional conductivity, so during operation they require the application of reverse voltage. In the absence of light, there is a very small saturated reverse leakage current, known as dark current, at which point the photodiode is cut off. When exposed to light, the saturated reverse leakage current increases significantly, forming a photocurrent that varies with the intensity of the incident light. When light irradiates the PN junction, it generates electron-hole pairs within the PN junction, increasing the density of minority carriers. These carriers drift under reverse voltage, causing an increase in reverse current. Therefore, the current in the circuit can be changed by varying the light intensity.

EDIN electrical component principle

In chemical batteries, the direct conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy results from spontaneous oxidation-reduction and other chemical reactions occurring inside the battery; these reactions take place at two electrodes. The negative electrode active material consists of reducing agents with a more negative potential and stability in the electrolyte, such as active metals like zinc, cadmium, and lead, as well as hydrogen or hydrocarbon compounds. The positive electrode active material consists of oxidizing agents with a more positive potential and stability in the electrolyte, such as metal oxides like manganese dioxide, lead dioxide, and nickel oxide, oxygen or air, halogens and their salts, oxyacids and their salts, etc. The electrolyte is a material with good ionic conductivity, such as aqueous solutions of acids, bases, and salts, organic or inorganic non-aqueous solutions, molten salts, or solid electrolytes. When the external circuit is open, although there is a potential difference (open-circuit voltage) between the two poles, no current flows, and the chemical energy stored in the battery is not converted into electrical energy. When the external circuit is closed, current flows through the external circuit under the influence of the potential difference between the two electrodes. Meanwhile, inside the battery, since there are no free electrons in the electrolyte, charge transfer must be accompanied by oxidation or reduction reactions at the interface between the active materials of the two electrodes and the electrolyte, as well as mass transfer of reactants and reaction products. Charge transfer in the electrolyte is also accomplished by ion migration. Therefore, normal charge and mass transfer processes inside the battery are necessary conditions for ensuring normal electrical energy output. During charging, the direction of charge and mass transfer processes inside the battery is exactly opposite to that during discharging; electrode reactions must be reversible to ensure the normal progress of reverse mass and charge transfer processes. Therefore, reversibility of electrode reactions is a necessary condition for constituting a storage battery. This is the basic thermodynamic relationship between battery electromotive force and battery reaction, and also the basic thermodynamic equation for calculating battery energy conversion efficiency. In practice, when current flows through an electrode, the electrode potential deviates from the thermodynamically balanced electrode potential; this phenomenon is called polarization. The greater the current density (current passing through unit electrode area), the more severe the polarization. Polarization is one of the important causes of battery energy loss. There are three causes of polarization: (1) polarization caused by the resistance of various parts within the battery is called ohmic polarization; (2) polarization caused by the hindrance of charge transfer processes in the electrode-electrolyte interface layer is called activation polarization; (3) polarization caused by sluggish mass transfer processes in the electrode-electrolyte interface layer is called concentration polarization. Methods to reduce polarization include increasing the electrode reaction area, reducing current density, raising the reaction temperature, and improving the catalytic activity of the electrode surface.

EDIN electrical component function

Control high power, capable of controlling hundreds of kilowatts of power. Using power transistors as switches has many advantages, primarily ease of turn-off and fewer required auxiliary components. Fast switching allows operation at high frequencies. Transistor compounding (Darlington) and parallel connection are effective methods to increase transistor switching capability. In such high-power circuits, the main problem is wiring. Very high switching speeds can generate considerable interference voltage even on short connection lines. High performance achieved through simple and optimized base drive. The base drive circuit not only drives the power transistor but also protects it, referred to as "decentralized protection" (in contrast to centralized protection). Functions of integrated drive circuits include: turning on and off the power switch, monitoring auxiliary supply voltage, limiting maximum and minimum pulse width, thermal protection, and monitoring the switch's saturation voltage drop.

EDIN electrical component classification

Inductor coils commonly used in circuits are roughly classified as follows: By inductance form: fixed inductors, variable inductors. By magnetic core property: air-core coils, ferrite coils, iron-core coils, copper-core coils. By operating nature: antenna coils, oscillator coils, choke coils, trap coils, deflection coils. By winding structure: single-layer coils, multi-layer coils, honeycomb coils, close-wound coils, spaced-wound coils, self-supporting coils, honeycomb coils, random-wound coils.

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