eletca electrical components Germany eletca model eletca price

eletca electrical components are Schottky barrier diodes named after their inventor, Dr. Schottky. Schottky barrier diodes are not made using the principle of forming a PN junction by contact between P-type semiconductor and N-type semiconductor, but rather using the principle of a metal-semiconductor junction formed by contact between metal and semiconductor. Therefore, Schottky barrier diodes are also called metal-semiconductor (contact) diodes or surface barrier diodes; they are a type of hot-carrier diode.

eletca electrical components classification

1, fuse resistors: also called fusible resistors, under normal conditions they serve the dual role of resistor and fuse; when a circuit fault causes power to exceed the rated power, it will blow like a fuse to disconnect the connected circuit. Fuse resistors generally have low resistance values and low power ratings. 3, sensitive resistors: refer to resistors whose resistance value has sensitivity to certain physical quantities (such as temperature, humidity, light, voltage, mechanical force, and gas concentration); when these physical quantities change, the resistance of the sensitive resistor changes accordingly, presenting different resistance values. Based on sensitivity to different physical quantities, sensitive resistors can be divided into types such as thermistors, humidity-sensitive resistors, photoresistors, varistors, force-sensitive resistors, magnetosensitive resistors, and gas-sensitive resistors. The materials used for sensitive resistors are almost all semiconductor materials; such resistors are also called semiconductor resistors. The resistance of a thermistor changes with temperature; a negative temperature coefficient thermistor is one whose resistance decreases as temperature rises. Negative temperature coefficient thermistors are widely used and can be further divided into general-purpose NTC thermistors, voltage-stabilizing NTC thermistors, and temperature-measuring NTC thermistors. A photoresistor is a resistor whose resistance value changes with the intensity of incident light; when incident light increases, the resistance of the photoresistor decreases, and when incident light weakens, the resistance value increases.

eletca electrical components performance

(1) electromotive force: Electromotive force is the difference between the equilibrium electrode potentials of two electrodes. (2) Rated capacity: The theoretical capacity of a battery can be precisely calculated based on the amount of active material in the electrode from the battery reaction equation and the electrochemical equivalent of the active material calculated according to Faraday's law. Due to possible side reactions in the battery and special design requirements, the actual capacity of the battery is often lower than the theoretical capacity. (3) Rated voltage: The typical operating voltage of a battery at room temperature, also known as nominal voltage. It serves as a reference when selecting different types of batteries. The actual operating voltage of the battery equals the difference between the equilibrium electrode potentials of the positive and negative electrodes under different usage conditions. It is related only to the type of electrode active material, not to the quantity of active material. Battery voltage is essentially DC voltage, but under certain special conditions, phase changes in metal crystals or certain formation films caused by electrode reactions can cause minor voltage fluctuations, a phenomenon known as noise. The amplitude of the fluctuation is very small but the frequency range is very wide, so it can be distinguished from self-excited noise in the circuit. (4) Open-circuit voltage: The terminal voltage of a battery in an open-circuit state is called the open-circuit voltage. The open-circuit voltage of a battery equals the difference between the positive electrode potential and the negative electrode potential when the battery is in an open circuit (i.e., no current flows through the two poles). The open-circuit voltage of a battery is denoted by V open; the open-circuit voltage of a battery is generally less than its electromotive force. This is because the electrode potentials established by the two poles in the electrolyte solution are usually not equilibrium electrode potentials, but stable electrode potentials. Generally, it can be approximated that the open-circuit voltage of the battery is its electromotive force. (5) Internal resistance: The internal resistance of a battery refers to the resistance encountered when current passes through the interior of the battery. It includes ohmic internal resistance and polarization internal resistance; polarization internal resistance further includes electrochemical polarization internal resistance and concentration polarization internal resistance. Due to the existence of internal resistance, the working voltage of the battery is always less than the electromotive force or open-circuit voltage of the battery. The internal resistance of a battery is not constant; it changes continuously over time (gradually increasing) during charging and discharging processes, because the composition of active materials, the concentration of electrolyte, and temperature are constantly changing. Ohmic internal resistance obeys Ohm's law; polarization internal resistance increases with increasing current density, but the relationship is not linear. It commonly increases as current density increases. Internal resistance is an important indicator determining battery performance; it directly affects the battery's working voltage, working current, output energy, and power. For a battery, the smaller the internal resistance, the better. (6) Impedance: Batteries have a large electrode-electrolyte interface area, so a battery can be equivalent to a series circuit of a large capacitor with a small resistor and inductor. However, the actual situation is much more complex, especially since the battery's impedance changes with time and DC level; the measured impedance is only valid for the specific measurement state. (7) Charge/discharge rate: There are two representation methods: hour rate and C-rate. Hour rate expresses the charge/discharge rate in terms of charge/discharge time; numerically, it equals the battery's rated capacity (ampere-hours) divided by the specified charge/discharge current (amperes), resulting in hours. C-rate is another way to express charge/discharge rate; its numerical value is the reciprocal of the hour rate. The discharge rate of primary batteries is expressed by the time taken to discharge through a fixed resistor to the cutoff voltage. Discharge rate has a significant impact on battery performance. (8) Service life: Storage life refers to the maximum allowable storage time from battery manufacture to the start of use, measured in years. The total period including the storage period and usage period is called the battery's validity period. The storage life of batteries is divided into dry storage life and wet storage life. Cycle life is the maximum number of charge/discharge cycles a rechargeable battery can achieve under specified conditions. When specifying cycle life, the charge/discharge cycle test regimen must also be specified, including charge/discharge rate, depth of discharge, and ambient temperature range. (9) Self-discharge rate: The rate at which a battery loses capacity on its own during storage. It is expressed as the percentage of capacity lost due to self-discharge per unit storage time relative to the capacity before storage.

eletca electrical components function

The main function of ferrite beads is to eliminate RF noise present in transmission line structures (circuits). RF energy is the AC sinusoidal component superimposed on the DC transmission level; the DC component is the required useful signal. To eliminate this unwanted signal energy, chip ferrite beads act as high-frequency resistors (attenuators). Ferrite beads have high resistivity and permeability; they are equivalent to a resistor and inductor in series, but both the resistance and inductance values vary with frequency. They have better high-frequency filtering characteristics than ordinary inductors, exhibiting resistive behavior at high frequencies, thus maintaining high impedance over a relatively wide frequency range to improve tuned filtering effects. Inductors can be used for power supply filtering. The circuit symbol for a ferrite bead is the same as an inductor, but the model number indicates the use of a ferrite bead. In terms of circuit function, ferrite beads and inductors operate on the same principle, differing only in frequency characteristics. The DC component is the required useful signal, while RF RF energy is useless electromagnetic interference transmitted and radiated along the line. To eliminate this unwanted signal energy, chip ferrite beads act as high-frequency resistors (attenuators); this device allows DC signals to pass while filtering out AC signals. Ferrite beads have high resistivity and permeability, equivalent to a resistor and inductor in series. In the circuit, the wire simply passes through it. High-frequency current dissipates as heat within it; its equivalent circuit is an inductor and a resistor in series, with the values of both components proportional to the length of the ferrite bead. Some ferrite beads have multiple holes; passing the wire through them increases component impedance (proportional to the square of the number of times the wire passes through the bead). Ferrite beads can not only be used in power circuits to filter high-frequency noise (suitable for DC and AC outputs) but are also widely used in other circuits.

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