ESTOLIGHTING electrical components Germany ESTOLIGHTING model ESTOLIGHTING price

ESTOLIGHTING electrical components are sensor resistors whose resistance changes with temperature. According to different temperature coefficients, they are divided into positive temperature coefficient thermistors and negative temperature coefficient thermistors. The resistance of a positive temperature coefficient thermistor increases as the temperature rises, while the resistance of a negative temperature coefficient thermistor decreases as the temperature rises; both belong to semiconductor devices.

ESTOLIGHTING electrical components composition

Internal accessories of circuit breakers: Auxiliary contacts are contacts mechanically linked to the opening and closing mechanism of the main circuit of the circuit breaker. They are mainly used to display the open/closed status of the circuit breaker and are connected in the control circuit of the circuit breaker to control or interlock related electrical appliances through the opening and closing of the circuit breaker. Alarm contacts are used for accident alarms in circuit breakers. This contact only operates after the circuit breaker trips and opens. It is mainly used when the load of the circuit breaker experiences faults such as overload, short circuit, or undervoltage, causing free tripping. The alarm contact switches from its original normally open position to a closed position, connecting indicator lights, electric bells, buzzers, etc., in the auxiliary circuit to display or remind of the fault trip status of the circuit breaker. Since the probability of free tripping due to load faults is not high. Shunt release: A shunt release is a release excited by a voltage source, and its voltage is independent of the main circuit voltage. A shunt release is an accessory for remote opening operation. When the power supply voltage is any value between 70% and 110% of the rated control power supply voltage, the circuit breaker can be reliably opened. The shunt release operates on a short-time duty cycle, and the coil energization time generally must not exceed 11S, otherwise the coil will be burned out. To prevent coil burnout in molded case circuit breakers, a microswitch is connected in series with the shunt release coil. When the shunt release attracts via the armature, the microswitch switches from normally closed to normally open. Since the control circuit of the shunt release power supply is cut off, even if the button is manually pressed, the shunt coil will not be energized, thus avoiding coil damage. When the circuit breaker is reclosed, the microswitch returns to the normally closed position. Undervoltage release: An undervoltage release is a device that causes the circuit breaker to open with or without delay when its terminal voltage drops to a specified range. Under thermal conditions, it should ensure reliable closing of the circuit breaker. Therefore, when a certain voltage drop occurs in the power supply voltage of the protected circuit, it can automatically open the circuit breaker to cut off the power, protecting downstream load appliances or electrical equipment from damage due to undervoltage. During use, the undervoltage release coil is connected to the power side of the circuit breaker. The circuit breaker can only be closed after the undervoltage release is energized.

ESTOLIGHTING electrical component types

1. A rotating thermometer is made of a coiled bimetallic strip. One end of the bimetallic strip is fixed, and the other end is connected to a pointer. Due to different expansion rates of the two metal strips, the degree of curling of the bimetallic strip varies at different temperatures, causing the pointer to indicate different positions on the dial. The temperature can be determined from the reading on the dial. 2. The resistance change of semiconductor thermometers differs from that of metals; as the temperature rises, their resistance decreases, and the magnitude of change is relatively large. Therefore, even small temperature changes can cause significant changes in resistance, resulting in thermometers with high precision, often called thermistors. 3. A thermocouple thermometer consists of two different metals connected to a sensitive voltmeter. At different temperatures, the metal junction generates different potential differences at the two ends of the metals. The potential difference is very small, so a sensitive voltmeter is required for measurement. The temperature can be determined from the voltmeter reading. 4. Optical pyrometer: When an object's temperature is high enough to emit a large amount of visible light, its temperature can be determined by measuring the amount of thermal radiation. This type of thermometer is called an optical pyrometer. It mainly consists of a telescope equipped with a red filter and a circuit containing a small bulb, a galvanometer, and a variable resistor. Before use, establish the relationship between the temperature corresponding to different filament brightness levels and the readings on the galvanometer. During use, align the telescope with the object to be measured and adjust the resistor until the bulb's brightness matches that of the object. The temperature of the object can then be read from the galvanometer. 5. Liquid crystal thermometers made with different formulations have different phase transition temperatures. When they undergo phase transition, their optical properties change, causing the liquid crystal to appear to change color. If liquid crystals with different phase transition temperatures are coated on a piece of paper, the temperature can be determined by the color change of the liquid crystal. The advantage of this thermometer is easy reading, while the disadvantage is insufficient accuracy. It is commonly used in ornamental fish tanks to indicate water temperature. 13. Digital thermometers use temperature sensors to convert (temperature) into digital signals, which are then displayed in numerical form on a display (such as LCD, digital tube, LED matrix, etc.). They can quickly and accurately measure the maximum human body temperature. Compared with traditional mercury thermometers, they offer advantages such as convenient digital reading, short measurement time, high measurement accuracy, memory function, and audible alerts. In particular, digital thermometers do not contain mercury, making them harmless to the human body and the surrounding environment, and especially suitable for use in hospitals and homes.

ESTOLIGHTING electrical component characteristics

The main parameters characterizing resistor characteristics include nominal resistance and its tolerance, rated power, load characteristics, and temperature coefficient of resistance. Load characteristics: When the ambient working temperature is below tR, the resistor must not exceed its rated power. When exceeding tR, the load power must be reduced. Each type of resistor has specified load characteristics. Additionally, the allowable load can be correspondingly reduced under low pressure. Under pulse load, the average pulse power is much lower than the rated power, and separate specifications usually apply. Within the specified ambient temperature range, the average relative change in resistance per 8℃ change in temperature is expressed in ppm/℃. In addition to the above parameters, there are other technical indicators such as nonlinearity (the degree to which the current-voltage characteristic deviates from a linear relationship), voltage coefficient (the relative rate of change in resistance per volt change in applied voltage), current noise (the ratio of the effective value of the noise potential generated by current flow within the resistor body to the test voltage, expressed by the current noise index), high-frequency characteristics (the curve showing the decrease in resistance with increasing operating frequency due to the influence of distributed capacitance and inductance within the resistor body), and long-term stability (the process of irreversible change in resistance due to environmental conditions during long-term use or storage).

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