KABELOVNADECINP electrical components Germany KABELOVNADECINP model KABELOVNADECINP price

KABELOVNADECINP electrical component is a current-limiting element. After connecting the resistor in the circuit, the resistance value of the resistor is fixed, generally with two pins, and it can limit the magnitude of the current passing through the branch to which it is connected. A resistor whose resistance value cannot be changed is called a fixed resistor. A resistor whose resistance value can be changed is called a potentiometer or variable resistor. An ideal resistor is linear, meaning that the instantaneous current through the resistor is proportional to the applied instantaneous voltage. Variable resistors used for voltage division. One or two movable metal contacts are pressed tightly against the exposed resistive body. The contact position determines the resistance between either end of the resistive body and the contact. It is a two-terminal device in which the terminal voltage and current have a definite functional relationship, reflecting the ability to convert electrical energy into other forms, represented by the letter R, with the unit ohm Ω. Actual devices such as light bulbs, heating wires, and resistors can all be represented as resistor elements. The resistance value of a resistor element is generally related to temperature, material, length, and cross-sectional area. The physical quantity that measures the extent to which resistance is affected by temperature is the temperature coefficient, which is defined as the percentage change in resistance value when the temperature increases by 1 ℃. The main physical characteristic of a resistor is converting electrical energy into thermal energy; it can also be said to be a dissipative element, generating internal energy when current passes through it. Resistors usually play the role of voltage division and current shunting in circuits. For signals, both AC and DC signals can pass through resistors.

KABELOVNADECINP electrical component applications

Inductors mainly play roles such as filtering, oscillation, delay, and wave trapping in circuits, as well as signal screening, noise filtering, current stabilization, and suppression of electromagnetic interference. The most common function of an inductor in a circuit is to form an LC filter circuit together with a capacitor. Capacitors have the characteristic of "blocking DC and passing AC," while inductors have the function of "passing DC and blocking AC." If DC power accompanied by many interference signals passes through an LC filter circuit, the AC interference signals will be converted into thermal energy by the inductor and consumed; when the relatively pure DC current passes through the inductor, the AC interference signals within it are also converted into magnetic induction and thermal energy. Higher frequencies are more easily impeded by the inductive reactance, which can suppress higher-frequency interference signals. Inductors have the characteristic of blocking AC while allowing DC to pass smoothly; the higher the frequency, the greater the coil impedance. Therefore, the main functions of inductors are to isolate and filter AC signals, or to form resonant circuits with capacitors, resistors, etc.

KABELOVNADECINP electrical component types

1. A rotating thermometer is made of a coiled bimetallic strip. One end of the bimetallic strip is fixed, and the other end is connected to a pointer. Due to different expansion rates of the two metal strips, the degree of coiling of the bimetallic strip varies at different temperatures, causing the pointer to point to different positions on the dial. The temperature can be known from the reading on the dial. 2. The resistance change of semiconductor thermometers is different from that of metals; when the temperature rises, their resistance decreases, and the magnitude of change is relatively large. Therefore, even a small temperature change can cause a significant change in resistance, resulting in thermometers with high precision, often called thermal sensors. 3. A thermocouple thermometer consists of two different metals connected to a sensitive voltmeter. At different temperatures, the metal junctions produce different potential differences at the two ends of the metals. The potential difference is very small, so a sensitive voltmeter is required to measure it. The temperature can be determined from the voltmeter reading. 4. Optical pyrometer: When an object's temperature is high enough to emit a large amount of visible light, its temperature can be determined by measuring the amount of thermal radiation. This type of thermometer is an optical pyrometer. This thermometer is mainly composed of a telescope equipped with a red filter and a circuit containing a small light bulb, a galvanometer, and a variable resistor. Before use, establish the relationship between the temperature corresponding to different filament brightness levels and the readings on the galvanometer. During use, align the telescope with the object to be measured, adjust the resistance so that the brightness of the bulb matches that of the object, and then read the temperature of the object from the galvanometer. 5. Liquid crystal thermometers made with different formulas have different phase transition temperatures. When they undergo phase transition, their optical properties change, causing the liquid crystal to appear to change color. If liquid crystals with different phase transition temperatures are coated on a piece of paper, the temperature can be determined by the color change of the liquid crystal. The advantage of this thermometer is easy reading, while the disadvantage is insufficient accuracy. It is commonly used in ornamental fish tanks to indicate water temperature. 15. Digital thermometers use temperature sensors to convert (temperature) into digital signals, and then display the temperature in digital form through a display (such as LCD, digital tube, LED matrix, etc.). They can quickly and accurately measure the maximum human body temperature. Compared with traditional mercury thermometers, they have advantages such as convenient digital reading, short measurement time, high measurement accuracy, memory function, and audible alerts. In particular, digital thermometers do not contain mercury, are harmless to the human body and the surrounding environment, and are especially suitable for use in hospitals and homes.

KABELOVNADECINP electrical component characteristics

The static characteristics of a sensor refer to the relationship between the output and input quantities of the sensor for static input signals. Since the input and output quantities are independent of time in this case, their relationship, i.e., the static characteristics of the sensor, can be described by an algebraic equation without time variables, or by a characteristic curve drawn with the input quantity as the abscissa and the corresponding output quantity as the ordinate. The main parameters characterizing the static characteristics of a sensor include: linearity, sensitivity, hysteresis, repeatability, drift, etc. ① Linearity: Refers to the degree to which the actual relationship curve between the sensor output and input deviates from the fitted straight line. It is defined as the ratio of the maximum deviation between the actual characteristic curve and the fitted straight line over the full scale range to the full-scale output value. ② Sensitivity: Sensitivity is an important indicator of the static characteristics of a sensor. It is defined as the ratio of the increment in the output quantity to the corresponding increment in the input quantity that causes this increment. Use S to represent sensitivity. ③ Hysteresis: Hysteresis is the phenomenon where the input-output characteristic curves do not coincide during the change of the input quantity from small to large (forward stroke) and from large to small (reverse stroke). For the same magnitude of input signal, the output signal magnitudes of the sensor's forward and reverse strokes are not equal; this difference is called the hysteresis difference. ④ Repeatability: Repeatability refers to the degree of inconsistency in the characteristic curves obtained when the sensor input changes continuously multiple times over the full scale in the same direction. ⑤ Drift: Sensor drift refers to the phenomenon where the sensor output changes over time while the input remains constant. There are two reasons for drift: one is the sensor's own structural parameters; the other is the surrounding environment (such as temperature, humidity, etc.). ⑥ Resolution: When the sensor input slowly increases from a non-zero value, an observable change in output occurs after exceeding a certain increment. This input increment is called the sensor's resolution, i.e., the minimum input increment. ⑦ Threshold: When the sensor input slowly increases from zero, an observable change in output occurs after reaching a certain value. This input value is called the sensor's threshold voltage.

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