kopp electrical components Germany kopp model kopp price

kopp electrical components refer to an electrical device that disconnects the circuit by melting the fusible element with the heat generated by itself when the current exceeds a specified value. A fuse is a current protection device made based on the principle that when the current exceeds the specified value for a period of time, the heat generated by itself melts the fusible element, thereby disconnecting the circuit. Fuses are widely used in high and low voltage distribution systems, control systems, and electrical equipment as short-circuit and overcurrent protectors, and are one of the most commonly used protective devices. Using a metal conductor as the fusible element connected in series in the circuit, when overload or short-circuit current passes through the fusible element, it melts due to its own heating, thereby disconnecting the circuit. The fuse has a simple structure and is easy to use, and is widely used in power systems, various electrical equipment, and household appliances as a protective device.

kopp electrical component principle

Electrodynamic loudspeakers, also known as moving-coil loudspeakers, are electroacoustic transducers applying the electrodynamic principle; they are the most frequently used and widespread loudspeakers. There are three main reasons for this: 1. Electrodynamic loudspeakers have a simple structure, are easy to manufacture, and do not require large space, resulting in low prices and wide popularity. 2. These loudspeakers can achieve excellent performance, with uniform frequency response in the mid-frequency range. 3. These loudspeakers are continuously improved; decades of loudspeaker development history is a history of continuous improvement in design, craftsmanship, and materials, as well as a history of performance keeping pace with the times. The shapes of electrodynamic loudspeakers are mostly conical or dome-shaped; the structure of a conical loudspeaker can be divided into three parts: 1. The vibration system includes the diaphragm, voice coil, centering spider, dust cap, etc. 2. The magnetic circuit system includes the upper pole plate, pole piece, lower pole plate, magnet, etc. 10. The auxiliary system includes the basket, surround, terminal board, and phase plug. According to Faraday's law, when a current-carrying conductor passes through a magnetic field, it is subjected to an electromagnetic force, the direction of which conforms to Fleming's left-hand rule; the force is perpendicular to the directions of the current and the magnetic field, and the magnitude of the force is proportional to the current, the length of the conductor, and the magnetic flux density. When an alternating audio current is input to the voice coil, the voice coil is subjected to an alternating driving force, producing alternating motion, which drives the paper cone to vibrate, repeatedly pushing the air to produce sound.

kopp electrical component principle

Optical measurement and control systems manufactured based on different principles of luminous flux acting on photoelectric elements are diverse. According to the nature of the output of the photoelectric element (optical measurement and control system), they can be divided into two categories: analog photoelectric sensors and pulse (switching) photoelectric sensors. Analog photoelectric sensors convert the measured quantity into a continuously changing photocurrent, which has a single-valued relationship with the measured quantity. Analog photoelectric sensors can be divided into three major categories according to the method of measuring the target object: transmission (absorption) type, diffuse reflection type, and shading (beam blocking) type. The so-called transmission type means that the measured object is placed in the optical path, the light energy emitted by the constant light source passes through the measured object, and after being partially absorbed, the transmitted light is projected onto the photoelectric element; the so-called diffuse reflection type means that the light emitted by the constant light source is projected onto the measured object, and then reflected from the surface of the measured object onto the photoelectric element; the so-called shading type means that when the luminous flux emitted by the light source is partially blocked by the measured object, the luminous flux projected onto the photoelectric element changes, and the degree of change is related to the position of the measured object in the optical path. Photodiodes are the most common optical sensors. The appearance of a photodiode is the same as that of a general diode. When there is no illumination, it is like a ordinary diode, with a very small reverse current, called the dark current of the photodiode; when there is illumination, carriers are excited to generate electron-hole pairs, called photoelectric carriers. Under the action of an external electric field, the photoelectric carriers participate in conduction, forming a reverse current much larger than the dark current, which is called photocurrent. The magnitude of the photocurrent is proportional to the light intensity, so an electrical signal that changes with the light intensity can be obtained on the load resistor.

kopp electrical component characteristics

Sensitivity refers to the ratio of the change in output to the change in input of a sensor under steady-state operating conditions. It is the slope of the output-input characteristic curve. If the output and input of the sensor exhibit a linear relationship, then the sensitivity S is a constant. Otherwise, it will vary with the change in input. The dimension of sensitivity is the ratio of the dimensions of the output and input quantities. When the dimensions of the output and input quantities of the sensor are the same, sensitivity can be understood as the amplification factor. Increasing sensitivity can achieve higher measurement accuracy. However, the higher the sensitivity, the narrower the measurement range, and the stability is often poorer.

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