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kordes electrical components are switches controlled by electromagnets, that is, a combination of an electromagnet and a switch. When the electromagnet coil is energized, it generates electromagnetic attraction, causing the movable iron core to push or pull the switch contacts to close, thereby connecting the controlled circuit. Electromagnetic switches are widely used in various industries, most commonly as contactors in the industrial sector. An electromagnetic switch is the control switch on a starter motor and is one of the three major components of a starter (DC motor, transmission engagement mechanism, electromagnetic switch). Its working principle is that when the coil is energized, it generates electromagnetic attraction, causing the movable iron core to move, thereby on one hand pulling the transmission engagement mechanism to move the starter pinion forward to engage with the engine flywheel ring gear, and on the other hand pushing the switch contacts to connect, enabling the DC motor to operate and thus driving the engine to start.

kordes electrical component classification

Depending on the structure, they are divided into full-availability trunks, partial-availability trunks, and link systems; depending on the service method, they are divided into loss-system trunks and waiting-system trunks (see stochastic service systems); depending on the number of traffic sources served, they are divided into infinite-source trunks and finite-source trunks. In telecommunication systems, equipment directly used for communication between users is mostly an infinite-source loss-system full-availability link system, while equipment used to control the connection process of communication devices is mostly an infinite-source waiting-system full-availability system. When the number of traffic sources is not large relative to the trunk capacity, a finite-source full-availability system or partial-availability system is generally adopted. Based on the calling behavior of traffic sources, i.e., whether a new call attempt is made after a call failure, trunks can be divided into repeated-call systems and non-repeated-call systems. Actual communication systems all involve repeated calls; non-repeated-call systems are an approximation of repeated-call systems. (1) Full-availability trunk. If any service device (trunk line or selector) in the trunk can be used by any traffic source in the group of traffic sources it serves, such a trunk is called a full-availability trunk. (2) Partial-availability trunk. If any traffic source in the traffic source group can only use part of the service devices in the trunk, such a trunk is called a partial-availability trunk. A partial-availability trunk divides the traffic source group into several subgroups, performing graded multiple interconnection between the outlets of the traffic groups. This structure can be described by the example shown in the figure below.

kordes electrical component classification

Microphones can be classified into dynamic microphones and condenser microphones based on their transduction principle. Among these, dynamic types can be further subdivided into moving-coil microphones and ribbon microphones. Common commercial microphone types include condenser microphones, crystal microphones, carbon microphones, and dynamic microphones. The two energy sources used in common condenser microphones are DC bias power supplies and electret films. Both of these condenser microphones and crystal microphones convert acoustic energy into electrical energy, generating a varying electric field. Carbon microphones use a DC voltage source and change their resistance through sound vibration, thereby converting acoustic signals into electrical signals. Condenser, crystal, and carbon microphones all generate a voltage signal proportional to the displacement of the sensitive diaphragm, while dynamic microphones generate a voltage signal proportional to the vibration velocity of the sensitive diaphragm. Dynamic microphones use permanent magnets as the energy source and convert acoustic energy into electrical energy based on the induction effect.

kordes electrical component characteristics

Sensitivity refers to the ratio of the change in output quantity to the change in input quantity of a sensor under steady-state operating conditions. It is the slope of the output-input characteristic curve. If there is a linear relationship between the sensor's output and input, then the sensitivity S is a constant. Otherwise, it will vary with changes in the input quantity. The dimension of sensitivity is the ratio of the dimensions of the output and input quantities. When the dimensions of the sensor's output and input quantities are the same, sensitivity can be understood as the amplification factor. Increasing sensitivity can yield higher measurement accuracy. However, the higher the sensitivity, the narrower the measurement range, and stability is often poorer.

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