3F Filippi electrical components Germany 3F Filippi model 3F Filippi price

3F Filippi electrical component is a sensor resistor whose resistance changes with temperature. According to the different temperature coefficients, they are divided into positive temperature coefficient thermistors and negative temperature coefficient thermistors. The resistance of a positive temperature coefficient thermistor increases as the temperature rises, while the resistance of a negative temperature coefficient thermistor decreases as the temperature rises; both belong to semiconductor devices.

3F Filippi electrical component structure

1. The cathode of an electron tube is the component used to emit electrons, divided into oxide cathodes and thoriated tungsten carbide cathodes. Generally, oxide cathodes are indirectly heated; they use a dedicated filament to heat the cathode body coated with barium oxide, etc., for thermionic emission. Thoriated tungsten carbide cathodes are generally directly heated; thermionic emission is produced by heating, so it serves as both the filament and the cathode. Theoretically, thoriated tungsten carbide cathodes have a much longer lifespan than oxide cathodes. Thoriated tungsten carbide cathodes are most widely used in high-power transmitter tubes, while oxide cathodes are generally used in transmitter tubes with an output power of 1kW or less. Mesh cathodes are made into a cylindrical shape using thinner thoriated tungsten wires. Their advantages are: (1) Since they are woven from many thoriated tungsten wires, the permeance is relatively large. (2) It is easier to achieve a smaller cathode-grid spacing, which helps improve transconductance. (3) Since the filament has a mesh structure, the current in each individual filament is small, the local magnetic field is weak, and thus the hum generated by the cathode current is also smaller. 2. The grids of an electron tube are divided into first grid and second grid according to their different roles in the tube, sometimes also called control grid and screen grid. The main role of the first grid is to control the cathode current, and the role of the second grid is to shield the first grid from the influence of the plate. The grid structure relates to its own mechanical strength and heat dissipation effect, and determines whether the tube can work stably. To reduce the electron transit time, the grid-cathode spacing is made very short, even less than 1mm, so manufacturers often use materials with high mechanical strength, high thermal conductivity, good radiation coefficient, and high melting point to make the grids, to avoid thermal short-circuiting at such small spacings. The first and second grids should be strictly aligned, so that the screen grid captures fewer electrons, reducing screen grid dissipation, improving current distribution and linearity. 9. The anode of an electron tube is the electrode that collects most of the electrons emitted by the cathode. When the electron tube is working, due to electron bombardment of the plate surface and thermal radiation from other electrodes, a large amount of heat energy is generated at the plate. Because the power dissipation density of the plate is tens to hundreds of watts per square centimeter, natural radiation or conduction cooling is no longer sufficient for such high power densities. Therefore, forced cooling methods must be used. Common methods include air cooling, water cooling, and evaporative cooling.

3F Filippi electrical component classification

Thyristors have multiple classification methods: (1) Classification by turn-off, turn-on, and control methods: Thyristors can be divided into conventional thyristors, bidirectional thyristors, reverse-conducting thyristors, gate turn-off thyristors, BTG thyristors, temperature-controlled thyristors, and light-controlled thyristors, among others. (2) Classification by pins and polarity: Thyristors can be divided into two-terminal thyristors, three-terminal thyristors, and four-terminal thyristors based on their pins and polarity. (3) Classification by package type: Thyristors can be divided into three types based on their package: metal-packaged thyristors, plastic-packaged thyristors, and ceramic-packaged thyristors. Among them, metal-packaged thyristors are further divided into bolt-type, flat-type, round-case type, etc.; plastic-packaged thyristors are divided into two types: with heat sink and without heat sink. (4) Classification by current capacity: Thyristors can be divided into three types based on current capacity: high-power thyristors, medium-power thyristors, and low-power thyristors. Typically, high-power thyristors mostly use metal case packaging, while medium and low-power thyristors mostly use plastic or ceramic packaging. (5) Classification by turn-off speed: Thyristors can be divided into conventional thyristors and high-frequency (fast) thyristors based on their turn-off speed. (6) Zero-crossing triggering - generally for power regulation, i.e., triggering when the phase of the sinusoidal AC voltage crosses zero; triggering must occur at the zero-crossing point to turn on the thyristor. (7) Non-zero-crossing triggering - the thyristor can be triggered to turn on regardless of the phase of the AC voltage; common method is phase-shift triggering, i.e., changing the output percentage by altering the conduction angle (phase angle) of the sinusoidal AC.

3F Filippi electrical component characteristics

So-called dynamic characteristics refer to the output characteristics of a sensor when the input changes. In practical work, the dynamic characteristics of a sensor are often expressed by its response to certain standard input signals. This is because the sensor's response to standard input signals is easy to obtain through experimental methods, and there is a certain relationship between its response to standard input signals and its response to arbitrary input signals; often, knowing the former allows inference of the latter. The most commonly used standard input signals are step signals and sinusoidal signals, so the dynamic characteristics of sensors are also commonly expressed by step response and frequency response.

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