ELEKTROMERY electrical components Germany ELEKTROMERY model ELEKTROMERY price

ELEKTROMERY electrical components are resistive elements with three terminals, whose resistance can be adjusted according to a specific variation law. A potentiometer typically consists of a resistive element and a movable wiper. When the wiper moves along the resistive element, a resistance value or voltage proportional to the displacement is obtained at the output terminal. A potentiometer can be used as a three-terminal component or as a two-terminal component. The latter can be regarded as a variable resistor; since its function in a circuit is to obtain an output voltage that has a certain relationship with the input voltage (applied voltage), it is called a potentiometer. A potentiometer is a type of variable resistor. It usually consists of a resistive element and a rotating or sliding system, obtaining partial voltage output by moving a movable contact on the resistive element. The function of a potentiometer is to adjust voltage (including DC voltage and signal voltage) and current. Structural features of a potentiometer: The resistive element of a potentiometer has two fixed terminals. By manually adjusting the shaft or slider, the position of the movable contact on the resistive element is changed, thereby changing the resistance between the movable contact and any fixed terminal, which in turn changes the voltage and current. A potentiometer is an adjustable electronic component. It consists of a resistive element and a rotating or sliding system. When a voltage is applied across the two fixed contacts of the resistive element, changing the position of the contact on the resistive element via the rotating or sliding system yields a voltage between the movable contact and the fixed contact that is related to the position of the movable contact. It is mostly used as a voltage divider, in which case the potentiometer is a four-terminal component. A potentiometer is essentially a sliding rheostat, available in several styles, generally used for volume control in speakers and power adjustment for laser heads. A potentiometer is an adjustable electronic component. It is a variable resistor used for voltage division. One or two movable metal contacts are pressed tightly against the exposed resistive element. The contact position determines the resistance between either end of the resistive element and the contact. Classified by material: wire-wound, carbon film, and solid-core potentiometers. Classified by the relationship between the output-to-input voltage ratio and the rotation angle: linear potentiometers (linear relationship) and functional potentiometers (curvilinear relationship). Main parameters include resistance, tolerance, and rated power. Widely used in electronic equipment, such as for volume control in audio systems and receivers.

ELEKTROMERY electrical component principles

Based on different application purposes, various types of thermometers have been designed and manufactured. The design principles include: the phenomenon of thermal expansion and contraction of solids, liquids, and gases under temperature influence; the change in pressure of gas (or vapor) at constant volume due to temperature differences; the thermoelectric effect; the variation of electrical resistance with temperature; and the influence of thermal radiation. 1. Gas thermometer: Hydrogen or helium is often used as the temperature-sensing medium because their liquefaction temperatures are very low, close to absolute zero, resulting in a wide measurement range. This type of thermometer offers high accuracy and is commonly used for precision measurements. 2. Resistance thermometer: Divided into metal resistance thermometers and semiconductor resistance thermometers, both are made based on the characteristic that resistance changes with temperature. Metal thermometers mainly use pure metals such as platinum, gold, copper, and nickel, as well as rhodium-iron and phosphor bronze alloys; semiconductor thermometers mainly use carbon, germanium, etc. Resistance thermometers are convenient and reliable, and have been widely applied. 3. Thermocouple thermometer: A temperature-measuring instrument widely used in industry. It is made using the thermoelectric effect. Two different metal wires are welded together to form the measuring junction, while the other ends are connected to a measuring instrument to form a circuit. When the measuring junction is placed at the temperature to be measured, an electromotive force is generated if there is a temperature difference between the measuring junction and the reference junction, causing current to flow through the loop. By measuring electrical quantities and knowing the temperature at one point, the temperature at another point can be determined. It is suitable for applications involving large temperature differences between two substances and is often used for high-temperature and low-temperature measurements. 4. Dial thermometer: A thermometer shaped like a dial gauge, also known as a room thermometer, used to measure ambient temperature. It is made based on the principle of thermal expansion and contraction of metals. It uses a bimetallic strip as the sensing element to control the pointer. The bimetallic strip is usually made by riveting a copper sheet and an iron sheet together, with the copper sheet on the left and the iron sheet on the right. Since the thermal expansion and contraction effect of copper is much more significant than that of iron, when the temperature rises, the copper sheet pulls the iron sheet to bend to the right, causing the pointer to deflect to the right (indicating high temperature) driven by the bimetallic strip; conversely, when the temperature drops, the pointer deflects to the left driven by the bimetallic strip. 5. Glass tube thermometer: Glass tube thermometers utilize the principle of thermal expansion and contraction to measure temperature. Due to the different expansion coefficients, boiling points, and freezing points of the sensing media, common glass tube thermometers mainly include kerosene thermometers, mercury thermometers, and red ink thermometers. Their advantages are simple structure, ease of use, relatively high measurement accuracy, and low cost. The disadvantages are that the measurement limits and accuracy are limited by the quality of the glass and the properties of the sensing medium. Additionally, they cannot transmit signals over long distances and are fragile. 6. Pressure thermometer: Pressure thermometers use the volume expansion or pressure change of liquid, gas, or saturated vapor in a closed container upon heating as the measurement signal. Its basic structure consists of three parts: a bulb, a capillary tube, and an indicator gauge. The advantages of pressure thermometers are: simple structure, high mechanical strength, and resistance to vibration. They are low-cost and do not require external power. The disadvantages are: limited temperature measurement range; significant heat loss and slow response time. 17. Mercury thermometer is a type of expansion thermometer and can only be used as a local monitoring instrument. Using it to measure temperature is not only simple and intuitive but also avoids the errors associated with remote transmission thermometers.

ELEKTROMERY electrical component classification

For most conductors, at a certain temperature, their resistance remains almost constant at a fixed value; this type of resistance is called linear resistance. For some materials, the resistance changes significantly with current (or voltage), and their volt-ampere characteristic is a curve; this type of resistance is called nonlinear resistance. For a nonlinear resistor under a given voltage (or current), the ratio of voltage to current is the static resistance at that operating point, and the slope of the volt-ampere characteristic curve is the dynamic resistance. The expression of nonlinear resistance characteristics is complex, but these nonlinear relationships are widely used in electronic circuits.

ELEKTROMERY electrical component classification

1. Classified by structure into three major categories: fixed capacitors, variable capacitors, and trimmer capacitors. 2. Classified by dielectric: organic dielectric capacitors, inorganic dielectric capacitors, electrolytic capacitors, electrothermal capacitors, and air dielectric capacitors, etc. 3. Classified by application: high-frequency bypass capacitors, low-frequency bypass capacitors, filter capacitors, tuning capacitors, high-frequency coupling capacitors, low-frequency coupling capacitors, and small capacitors. 4. Classified by manufacturing material: ceramic capacitors, polyester capacitors, electrolytic capacitors, tantalum capacitors, and advanced polypropylene capacitors, etc. 5. High-frequency bypass: ceramic capacitors, mica capacitors, glass film capacitors, polyester capacitors, glass glaze capacitors. 6. Low-frequency bypass: paper dielectric capacitors, ceramic capacitors, aluminum electrolytic capacitors, polyester capacitors. 7, Filtering: aluminum electrolytic capacitors, paper dielectric capacitors, composite paper dielectric capacitors, liquid tantalum capacitors. 8. Tuning: ceramic capacitors, mica capacitors, glass film capacitors, polystyrene capacitors. 9. Low coupling: paper dielectric capacitors, ceramic capacitors, aluminum electrolytic capacitors, polyester capacitors, solid tantalum capacitors. 18. Small capacitors: metallized paper dielectric capacitors, ceramic capacitors, aluminum electrolytic capacitors, polystyrene capacitors, solid tantalum capacitors, glass glaze capacitors, metallized polyester capacitors, polypropylene capacitors, mica capacitors.

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