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exsys USB electrical components are indispensable measuring instruments for departments such as power electronics, generally aimed at measuring voltage, current, and resistance. Multimeters are classified into analog multimeters and digital multimeters based on their display method. They are multifunctional, multi-range measuring instruments. Generally, multimeters can measure DC current, DC voltage, AC current, AC voltage, resistance, and audio levels; some can also measure AC current, capacitance, inductance, and certain semiconductor parameters (such as β). A multimeter is a magnetoelectric instrument equipped with a rectifier, capable of measuring various electrical parameters such as AC/DC current, voltage, and resistance. For each electrical quantity, there are generally several ranges. Also known as a multitester or simply multimeter. A multimeter consists of a magnetoelectric ammeter (meter head), measuring circuit, and selector switch. By switching the selector switch, various electrical parameters can be measured conveniently. The main basis for its circuit calculation is Ohm's law for closed circuits. There are many types of multimeters, and they should be selected according to different requirements during use.

exsys USB electrical component classification

Generator classifications include: (1) Generators are divided into DC generators and AC generators; (2) AC generators are divided into synchronous generators and asynchronous generators (rarely used); (3) AC generators can also be divided into single-phase generators and three-phase generators. There are many types of generators. Principally, they are divided into synchronous generators, asynchronous generators, single-phase generators, and three-phase generators. By generation method, they are divided into steam turbine generators, hydroelectric generators, diesel generators, gasoline generators, etc. By energy source, they are divided into thermal power generators, hydroelectric generators, etc.

exsys USB electrical component parameters

1. Stable voltage refers to the stable voltage value generated across the terminals when the Zener diode passes through the rated current. This value changes slightly with different operating currents and temperatures. Due to differences in manufacturing processes, the stabilization voltage of the same model of Zener diode is not completely consistent. 2. Reverse leakage current refers to the current value passing through the Zener diode when it generates a stable voltage. Below this value, although the Zener diode can still stabilize voltage, the stabilization effect will deteriorate; above this value, as long as the rated power loss is not exceeded, it is allowed, and the stabilization performance will be better, but it will consume more electrical energy. 3. Dynamic resistance refers to the ratio of the change in voltage across the Zener diode to the change in current. This ratio changes with different operating currents; generally, the larger the operating current, the smaller the dynamic resistance. 4. Rated power consumption is determined by the allowable temperature rise of the chip, and its value is the product of the stable voltage and the maximum allowable current. 5. Temperature coefficient: If the temperature of the Zener diode changes, its stable voltage will also undergo slight changes. The relative change in voltage across the tube caused by a temperature change of 1℃ is the temperature coefficient (unit: %/℃). Generally speaking, stabilization voltages below 6V belong to Zener breakdown, where the temperature coefficient is negative; the temperature coefficient is positive. When the temperature rises, the depletion layer decreases. In the depletion layer, the valence electrons of atoms rise to higher energy levels, and a smaller electric field strength can excite valence electrons from atoms to produce Zener breakdown, so its temperature coefficient is negative. Avalanche breakdown occurs when the depletion layer is wider and the electric field strength is lower. An increase in temperature increases the vibration amplitude of lattice atoms, hindering the movement of carriers. In this case, only by increasing the reverse voltage can avalanche breakdown occur, so the voltage temperature coefficient of avalanche breakdown is positive. For occasions with high power supply requirements, two Zener diodes with opposite temperature coefficients can be connected in series for compensation. Due to mutual compensation, the temperature coefficient is greatly reduced. 12. Reverse leakage current refers to the leakage current generated by the Zener diode under the specified reverse voltage.

exsys USB electrical component parameters

Important aspects of the optical parameters of LED include: luminous flux, luminous efficiency, luminous intensity, light intensity distribution, and wavelength. 1. Luminous efficiency is the ratio of luminous flux to electrical power, with the unit generally being lm/W. Luminous efficiency represents the energy-saving characteristics of the light source, which is an important indicator for measuring the performance of modern light sources. 2.LED Luminous intensity characterizes the strength of light emission in a certain direction. Since the light intensity of LED varies significantly at different spatial angles, we have studied the light intensity distribution characteristics of LED. This parameter has great practical significance and directly affects the minimum viewing angle of LED display devices. For example, for large color displays with LED in stadiums, if the selected LED single-tube distribution range is very narrow, viewers at larger angles facing the display screen will see distorted images. Moreover, traffic sign lights also require recognition by people over a wide range. 6. Regarding the spectral characteristics of LED, we mainly look at whether its monochromaticity is excellent, and we must pay attention to whether the main colors such as red, yellow, blue, green, and white LED are pure. Because in many occasions, such as traffic signal lights, the requirements for color are relatively strict. However, according to observations, some LED signal lights in China emit blue-green light, and the red ones are deep red. From this phenomenon, it is very necessary and meaningful to conduct specialized research on the spectral characteristics of LED.

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