festo electrical components German festo models festo prices

festo electrical components utilize the good conductivity and fluidity of mercury to control the opening and closing of electrical circuits. They consist of a glass tube, mercury, fixed electrodes, lead wires, etc. After evacuating the air from the tube, it is filled with various gases and sealed. They are suitable for environments with dust, oil, water vapor, and corrosive gases, and can also be used as explosion-proof switches in areas with explosive gases. Due to the high surface tension and specific gravity of the mercury inside the tube, along with its fluidity, the position of the mercury changes immediately upon slight tilting of the glass tube, and makes contact with the electrode in the form of surface contact, thus enabling the switching of high AC and DC currents. Additionally, this type of switch features a service life of several million cycles at rated current, compact size, high sensitivity, no mechanical noise, and low cost, making it widely used as a switch for automatic control.

festo electrical component types

Inductors can be made by winding conductive material, typically copper wire, around a magnetic core, or the magnetic core can be removed or replaced with ferromagnetic material. Core materials with higher permeability than air can confine the magnetic field more tightly around the inductor component, thereby increasing inductance. There are many types of inductors; most are made with enamel-coated coils wound around ferrite bobbins, while some shielded inductors place the coil entirely within the ferrite. The cores of some inductor components are adjustable, allowing the inductance value to be changed. Small inductors can be directly etched onto PCB boards using a method that lays out a spiral trace. Low-value inductors can also be fabricated in integrated circuits using the same processes used to manufacture transistors. In these applications, aluminum interconnects are often used as the conductive material. Regardless of the method, due to practical constraints, the most commonly applied approach is a circuit called a "gyrator," which uses a capacitor and active components to exhibit the same characteristics as an inductor component. Inductor components used for blocking high frequencies are often constructed from a metal wire passing through a magnetic pillar or bead.

festo electrical component functions

The starter solenoid switch is a key component of the starter motor, and the design quality of the solenoid switch directly affects the reliability of the starter motor. The starter solenoid switch has two functions: one is to connect the main circuit to rotate the starter motor, and the other is to push the drive gear out via the shift fork to engage with the engine flywheel ring gear. Therefore, the solenoid switch is required to have corresponding attraction force, corresponding stroke, and contacts capable of reliably switching high currents. Additionally, it is required to minimize volume and weight as much as possible. Based on these characteristics, the contact structure of solenoid switches generally adopts a contact form, i.e., the moving contacts are made in the shape of bridge pieces or discs to provide a larger heat dissipation surface and thermal capacity. The magnetic system mostly adopts a solenoid electromagnet structure to meet the requirements of corresponding stroke, corresponding attraction force, small volume, and light weight. The moving iron core of the solenoid switch can move smoothly within a brass bushing equipped with a solenoid coil. The moving iron core pull rod is connected to the shift fork and one-way clutch. Under the action of the return spring, the moving iron core remains in the non-operating initial position. During starting, the starter drive gear needs to move forward by approximately 12-24mm. Therefore, when the solenoid switch begins to engage, a large magnetomotive force is required to generate the necessary initial attraction force. After engagement, the air gap decreases, and the electromagnetic attraction force increases sharply, greatly exceeding the force required to maintain the engaged state. For this reason, the solenoid switch employs two coils (an attraction coil and a holding coil). Initially, both the attraction coil and the holding coil jointly generate electromagnetic attraction. After the switch contacts engage, the attraction coil automatically disengages from the operating state, and the holding coil alone maintains the switch in the engaged state. The holding coil current is relatively small and can be wound with thinner wire, which not only reduces the volume of the solenoid switch but also achieves reasonable attraction force matching. To ensure the reliability of the starter motor, emphasis must be placed on controlling the design quality of the solenoid switch.

festo electrical component composition

1. A general fuse consists of three parts: First is the fusible element, which is the core of the fuse and serves to cut off the current when it blows. For fusible elements of the same type and specification of fuse, the material must be identical, the geometric dimensions must be identical, the resistance value should be as small as possible and consistent, and most importantly, the fusing characteristics must be consistent. Household fuses are commonly made of lead-antimony alloy. Second is the electrode part, usually consisting of two electrodes. It is an important component connecting the fusible element to the circuit. It must have good electrical conductivity and should not produce significant installation contact resistance. Third is the holder part. The fusible element of a fuse is generally thin and soft. The function of the holder is to fix the fusible element and make the three parts a rigid whole for easy installation and use. It must have good mechanical strength, insulation, heat resistance, and flame retardancy. During use, phenomena such as fracture, deformation, combustion, and short circuits should not occur. 2. Arc extinguishing device: Fuses used in power circuits and high-power equipment not only have the three parts of a general fuse but also include an arc extinguishing device. This is because the circuits protected by such fuses not only have larger operating currents, but also have very high voltage across the two ends when the fusible element blows. It often happens that the fusible element has melted (blown) or even vaporized, but the current has not been cut off. The reason is that at the moment of fusing, arcing occurs between the two electrodes of the fuse under the action of voltage and current. This arc extinguishing device must have strong insulation and good thermal conductivity, and exhibit negative electronegativity. Quartz sand is a commonly used arc extinguishing material. 9. Fusing indication device: Some fuses have a fusing indication device. Its function is to undergo certain visual changes after the fuse operates (blows), making it easy for maintenance personnel to detect, such as emitting light, changing color, or popping out a solid indicator.

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