HYPERTAC electrical components German HYPERTAC models HYPERTAC prices

HYPERTAC electrical components are energy conversion devices that convert sound signals into electrical signals. Types include moving-coil, condenser, electret, and the recently emerging silicon microphones, as well as liquid microphones and laser microphones. Most microphones are electret condenser microphones, which operate using a polymer diaphragm with permanently isolated charge.

HYPERTAC electrical component structure

1. The cathode of an electron tube is the component used to emit electrons, divided into oxide cathodes and thoriated tungsten carbide cathodes. Generally, oxide cathodes are indirectly heated; they use a dedicated filament to heat the cathode body coated with barium oxide, etc., for thermionic emission. Thoriated tungsten carbide cathodes are generally directly heated; thermionic emission is produced simply by heating, so they serve as both filament and cathode. Theoretically, thoriated tungsten carbide cathodes have a much longer lifespan than oxide cathodes. Thoriated tungsten carbide cathodes are most widely used in high-power transmitting tubes, while oxide cathodes are generally used in transmitting tubes with output power below 1kW. Mesh cathodes are made into cylindrical shapes from thinner thoriated tungsten wires. Their advantages are: (1) Since they are woven from many thoriated tungsten wires, the permeance is relatively high. (2) It is easier to achieve small cathode-grid spacing, which helps increase transconductance. (3) Since the filament has a mesh structure, the current in each individual filament is small, the local magnetic field is weak, and thus the hum generated by the cathode current is also small. 2. The grids of electron tubes are divided into first grid and second grid according to their different roles in the tube, sometimes also called control grid and screen grid. The main role of the first grid is to control cathode current, while the role of the second grid is to shield the first grid from the influence of the plate. Grid structure relates to its own mechanical strength and heat dissipation effect, and determines whether the tube can work stably. To reduce electron transit time, the grid-cathode spacing is made very short, even less than 1mm, so manufacturers often use materials with high mechanical strength, high thermal conductivity, good radiation coefficient, and high melting point to make the grids, to avoid thermal shorting between electrodes at such small spacings. The first and second grids must be strictly aligned, so that the screen grid captures fewer electrons, reducing screen grid dissipation, improving current distribution and linearity. 6. The anode of an electron tube is the electrode that collects most of the electrons emitted by the cathode. When an electron tube is operating, due to electron bombardment of the plate surface and thermal radiation from other electrodes, a large amount of heat energy is generated at the plate. Because the power dissipation density of the plate is tens to hundreds of watts per square centimeter, natural radiation or conduction cooling is no longer sufficient for such high power densities. Therefore, forced cooling methods must be used. Common methods include air cooling, water cooling, and evaporative cooling.

HYPERTAC electrical component structure

A thermopile is a pyroelectric infrared sensor, a device composed of thermocouples. It is widely used as a temperature detection device in fields such as ear thermometers, radiation thermometers, electric ovens, and food temperature detection. It is composed of two or more thermocouples connected in series, where the thermoelectric potentials output by each thermocouple are superimposed. Used to measure small temperature differences or average temperatures. Structure of a thermopile: The radiation receiving surface is divided into several sections, each connected to a thermocouple; connecting them in series forms a thermopile. Depending on the application, practical thermopiles can be made in wire-type and thin-film types, and can also be made into multi-channel and array devices.

HYPERTAC electrical component parameters

1. Voltage temperature coefficient: Refers to the rate of change of the nominal voltage of a varistor within a specified temperature range, i.e., the relative change in voltage across the varistor when the temperature changes while the current through the varistor remains constant. 2. Current temperature coefficient: Refers to the relative change in current flowing through the varistor when the temperature changes while the voltage across the varistor remains constant. 3. Nominal voltage: Refers to the voltage value across the varistor when DC current flows through it. 4. Voltage ratio: Refers to the ratio of the voltage generated by the current in the varistor to the voltage generated by the current in the varistor. 5. Maximum limiting voltage: Refers to the highest voltage value that the varistor can withstand across its terminals. 6. Leakage current: Leakage current, also known as standby current, refers to the current flowing through the varistor under specified temperature and maximum DC current conditions. 7. Residual voltage ratio: When the current through the varistor is a certain value, the voltage generated across its terminals is called the residual voltage for that current value. The residual voltage ratio is the ratio of residual voltage to nominal voltage. 8. Surge current capacity: Surge current capacity, also known as surge current, refers to the maximum pulse (peak) current value allowed to pass through the varistor under specified conditions (specified time intervals and number of times, applying standard impulse current). 9. Static capacitance: Refers to the inherent capacitive capacity of the varistor itself. 10. Insulation resistance: Refers to the resistance value between the leads (pins) of the varistor and the insulated surface of the resistive body. 18. Voltage nonlinearity coefficient: Refers to the ratio of the static resistance value to the dynamic resistance value of the varistor under a given applied voltage.

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