jura electrical components Germany jura model jura price

jura electrical components are electrical control devices. When the change in the input quantity (excitation) meets specified requirements, they cause a predetermined step change in the controlled quantity within the electrical output circuit. They facilitate interaction between the control system (also known as the input loop) and the controlled system (also known as the output loop). Typically applied in automated control circuits, they function as "automatic switches" that use small currents to control large current operations. Therefore, they perform roles such as automatic regulation, safety protection, and circuit switching in electrical circuits. A relay is an electrical control device that, when provided with a specified input quantity for a sufficient duration, causes a predetermined step change in the controlled quantity in the electrical output circuit. When the input quantity drops to a certain level and remains there for a sufficient duration, the device returns to its initial state.

jura electrical component structure

The simplest switch consists of two metal pieces called "contacts." When the two contacts touch, they complete the current circuit; when they do not touch, the circuit is open. When selecting contact metals, their resistance to corrosion must be considered, as most metals form insulating oxides after oxidation, preventing normal contact operation. Selection of contact metals must also consider factors such as electrical conductivity, hardness, mechanical strength, cost, and toxicity. Contacts are sometimes plated with corrosion-resistant metals. Plating is generally applied to the contact surfaces to prevent performance degradation due to oxides. Sometimes, non-metallic conductive materials, such as conductive plastics, are used for contact surfaces. In addition to contacts, switches contain movable parts that make or break the contact connection. Based on the type of movable part, switches can be classified as lever switches, push-button switches, rocker switches, etc., while the movable part can also take other forms of mechanical linkage.

jura electrical component applications

Basic circuits in analog integrated circuits include current sources, single-stage amplifiers, filters, feedback circuits, and current mirror circuits. Higher-level basic circuits composed of these include operational amplifiers and comparators, while even higher-level circuits include switched-capacitor circuits, phase-locked loops, and ADC/DAC. Based on the response relationship between output and input signals, analog integrated circuits can be divided into two main categories: linear integrated circuits and nonlinear integrated circuits. The former typically exhibits a linear response between output and input signals; the output signal shape is similar to the input signal, merely amplified by a fixed coefficient. In contrast, the output signal of nonlinear integrated circuits exhibits a nonlinear response to the input signal, such as square-law or logarithmic relationships, hence the term nonlinear circuits. Common nonlinear circuits include oscillators, timers, and phase-locked loop circuits. Typical applications of analog integrated circuits are shown in the figure below. External natural signals collected by various sensors or antennas—such as temperature, humidity, optical, piezoelectric, and acoustic-electric sensors—are preprocessed by analog circuits and converted into suitable digital signals for input into digital systems. Signals processed by the digital system are then post-processed by analog circuits and converted into analog outputs such as sound, images, and radio waves.

jura electrical component classification

For most conductors, at a given temperature, the resistance remains nearly constant at a specific value; this type of resistance is called linear resistance. For some materials, the resistance changes significantly with current (or voltage), and their volt-ampere characteristic is a curve; this type of resistance is called nonlinear resistance. For a nonlinear resistor under a given voltage (or current), the ratio of voltage to current is the static resistance at that operating point, and the slope of the volt-ampere characteristic curve is the dynamic resistance. Expressing the characteristics of nonlinear resistors is complex, but these nonlinear relationships are widely applied in electronic circuits.

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