KELINE electrical components Germany KELINE model KELINE price

KELINE electrical components are instruments that convert high primary current to low secondary current for measurement based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. A current transformer consists of a closed iron core and windings. Its primary winding has very few turns and is connected in series in the circuit where the current needs to be measured. Therefore, the full current of the line often flows through it. The secondary winding has more turns and is connected in series in the measuring instrument and protection circuits. When the current transformer is in operation, its secondary circuit is always closed, so the impedance of the coils connected in series in the measuring instrument and protection circuits is very small, and the operating state of the current transformer is close to a short circuit. The current transformer converts high primary current to low secondary current for measurement; the secondary side must not be open-circuited. The principle of the current transformer is based on electromagnetic induction. A current transformer consists of a closed iron core and windings. Its primary winding has very few turns and is connected in series in the circuit where the current needs to be measured, so the full current of the line often flows through it. The secondary winding has more turns and is connected in series in the measuring instrument and protection circuits. When the current transformer is in operation, its secondary circuit is always closed, so the impedance of the coils connected in series in the measuring instrument and protection circuits is very small, and the operating state of the current transformer is close to a short circuit.

KELINE electrical component composition

The printed circuit board mainly consists of pads, vias, mounting holes, traces, components, connectors, copper pours, and the electrical boundary. ① Pad: a metal hole used for soldering component pins. ② Via: includes metallic vias and non-metallic vias; metallic vias are used to connect component pins between layers. ③ Mounting hole: used to secure the printed circuit board. ④ Trace: a copper film forming an electrical network that connects component pins. ⑤ Connector: a component used for connections between printed circuit boards. ⑥ Copper pour: used for ground network copper cladding, which can effectively reduce impedance. ⑦ Electrical boundary: used to define the dimensions of the printed circuit board; no components on the board may extend beyond this boundary.

KELINE electrical component principle

The main principle of a diode is to utilize the unidirectional conductivity of the PN junction. Adding leads and packaging to the PN junction forms a diode. A crystal diode is a PN junction formed by P-type semiconductor and N-type semiconductor. A space charge layer is formed on both sides of its interface, and a built-in electric field is established. When there is no external voltage, it is in an electrical equilibrium state because the diffusion current caused by the carrier concentration difference on both sides of the PN junction is equal to the drift current caused by the built-in electric field. When there is a forward voltage bias from the outside, the mutual cancellation effect of the external electric field and the built-in electric field increases the diffusion current of carriers, causing a forward current. When there is a reverse voltage bias from the outside, the external electric field and the built-in electric field are further strengthened, forming a reverse saturation current within a certain reverse voltage range that is independent of the reverse bias voltage value. When the applied reverse voltage reaches a certain level, the electric field strength in the space charge layer of the PN junction reaches a critical value, producing a carrier multiplication process. This generates a large number of electron-hole pairs, resulting in a large reverse breakdown current, known as the diode breakdown phenomenon. The reverse breakdown of the PN junction is divided into Zener breakdown and avalanche breakdown.

KELINE electrical component function

The self-induced electromotive force in an inductor coil always opposes the change in current in the coil. The inductor coil has an obstructive effect on alternating current; the magnitude of this obstruction is called inductive reactance xl, with the unit being Ohm. Its relationship with inductance l and AC frequency f is xl=2πfl. Inductors can be mainly divided into high-frequency choke coils and low-frequency choke coils. An inductor coil connected in parallel with a capacitor can form an lc tuned circuit. That is, if the natural oscillation frequency f0 of the circuit is equal to the frequency f of the non-AC signal, then the inductive reactance and capacitive reactance of the loop are also equal. Thus, electromagnetic energy oscillates back and forth between the inductor and the capacitor; this is the resonance phenomenon of the lc loop. At resonance, the inductive reactance and capacitive reactance of the circuit are equal in value but opposite in direction. The total inductive reactance of the loop is minimal, and the current is maximal (referring to the AC signal where f="f9"). The lc resonant circuit has the function of frequency selection, capable of selecting the AC signal of a specific frequency f.

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