kopp electrical components Germany kopp model kopp price

kopp electrical components refer to an electrical device that disconnects the circuit by melting the fusible element with the heat generated by itself when the current exceeds the specified value. A fuse is a current protection device made based on the principle that when the current exceeds the specified value for a period of time, the heat generated by itself melts the fusible element, thereby disconnecting the circuit. Fuses are widely used in high and low voltage distribution systems, control systems, and electrical equipment as short-circuit and overcurrent protectors, making them one of the most commonly used protective devices. A metal conductor is used as the fusible element connected in series in the circuit. When overload or short-circuit current passes through the fusible element, it melts due to self-heating, thereby disconnecting the circuit. Fuses have a simple structure and are easy to use, and are widely used in power systems, various electrical equipment, and household appliances as protective devices.

kopp electrical component principle

Electrodynamic loudspeakers, also known as moving-coil loudspeakers, are electroacoustic transducers applying the electrodynamic principle. They are the most frequently and widely used loudspeakers, primarily for three reasons: 1. Electrodynamic loudspeakers have a simple structure and are easy to manufacture, requiring no large space, which leads to low prices and widespread adoption. 2. These loudspeakers can achieve excellent performance, obtaining a uniform frequency response in the mid-frequency range. 3. These loudspeakers are continuously improving; decades of loudspeaker development history represent the continuous improvement of loudspeaker design, craftsmanship, and materials, as well as the history of performance keeping pace with the times. The shapes of electrodynamic loudspeakers are mostly conical or dome-shaped. The structure of a cone loudspeaker can be divided into three parts: 1. The vibration system includes the diaphragm, voice coil, centering spider, dust cap, etc. 2. The magnetic circuit system includes the upper pole plate, pole piece, lower pole plate, magnet, etc. 10. The auxiliary system includes the basket, surround, terminal block, and phase plug. According to Faraday's law, when a current-carrying conductor passes through a magnetic field, it is subjected to an electromagnetic force. Its direction conforms to Fleming's left-hand rule, with the force perpendicular to both the current and the magnetic field directions. The magnitude of the force is proportional to the current, the length of the conductor, and the magnetic flux density. When an alternating audio current is input to the voice coil, the voice coil is subjected to an alternating driving force, producing alternating motion that drives the paper cone to vibrate, repeatedly pushing the air to produce sound.

kopp electrical component principle

Optical measurement and control systems manufactured based on different principles of luminous flux acting on photoelectric elements are diverse. According to the nature of the output of the photoelectric element (optical measurement and control system), they can be divided into two categories: analog photoelectric sensors and pulse (switching) photoelectric sensors. Analog photoelectric sensors convert the measured quantity into a continuously changing photocurrent, exhibiting a single-valued relationship with the measured quantity. Analog photoelectric sensors can be divided into three major categories based on the method of measuring the target object: transmission (absorption) type, diffuse reflection type, and shading (beam blocking) type. The so-called transmission type refers to placing the measured object in the optical path, where the light energy emitted by a constant light source passes through the measured object, and after partial absorption, the transmitted light is projected onto the photoelectric element. The so-called diffuse reflection type refers to the light emitted by a constant light source being projected onto the measured object, and then reflected from the surface of the measured object onto the photoelectric element. The so-called shading type refers to the situation where the luminous flux emitted by the light source is partially blocked by the measured object, causing the luminous flux projected onto the photoelectric element to change; the degree of change is related to the position of the measured object in the optical path. Photodiodes are the most common light sensors. The appearance of a photodiode is similar to that of a general diode. When there is no illumination, like a ordinary diode, its reverse current is very small, called the dark current of the photodiode. When illuminated, carriers are excited, generating electron-hole pairs, called photoelectric carriers. Under the action of an external electric field, the photoelectric carriers participate in conduction, forming a reverse current much larger than the dark current, which is called the photocurrent. The magnitude of the photocurrent is proportional to the light intensity, so an electrical signal that changes with light intensity can be obtained across the load resistor.

kopp electrical component characteristics

Sensitivity refers to the ratio of the change in output to the change in input of a sensor under steady-state operating conditions. It is the slope of the output-input characteristic curve. If the sensor exhibits a linear relationship between output and input, then the sensitivity S is a constant. Otherwise, it will vary with changes in the input. The dimension of sensitivity is the ratio of the dimensions of the output and input quantities. When the dimensions of the sensor's output and input quantities are the same, sensitivity can be understood as the amplification factor. Increasing sensitivity can yield higher measurement accuracy. However, the higher the sensitivity, the narrower the measurement range, and the stability is often poorer.

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