leoni protec electrical components German leoni protec models leoni protec prices

leoni protec electrical components refer to an electrical device that disconnects the circuit by melting the fusible element with the heat generated by itself when the current exceeds a specified value. A fuse is a current protection device made based on the principle that when the current exceeds the specified value for a period of time, the heat generated by itself melts the fusible element, thereby disconnecting the circuit. Fuses are widely used in high and low voltage distribution systems, control systems, and electrical equipment as short-circuit and overcurrent protectors, and are one of the most commonly used protective devices. A metal conductor is used as the fusible element connected in series in the circuit; when overload or short-circuit current passes through the fusible element, it melts due to self-heating, thereby disconnecting the circuit. Fuses have a simple structure and are easy to use, and are widely used in power systems, various electrical equipment, and household appliances as protective devices.

leoni protec electrical component characteristics

The static characteristics of a sensor refer to the relationship between the output and input quantities for static input signals. Since the input and output quantities are independent of time at this point, their relationship, i.e., the static characteristics of the sensor, can be described by an algebraic equation without time variables, or by a characteristic curve plotted with the input quantity as the abscissa and the corresponding output quantity as the ordinate. The main parameters characterizing the static characteristics of a sensor include: linearity, sensitivity, hysteresis, repeatability, drift, etc. (1) Linearity: Refers to the degree to which the actual relationship curve between the sensor output and input deviates from the fitted straight line. It is defined as the ratio of the maximum deviation between the actual characteristic curve and the fitted straight line within the full scale range to the full scale output value. (2) Sensitivity: Sensitivity is an important indicator of the static characteristics of a sensor. It is defined as the ratio of the increment of the output quantity to the corresponding increment of the input quantity that causes this increment. Use S to represent sensitivity. (3) Hysteresis: Hysteresis is the phenomenon where the input-output characteristic curves do not coincide during the change of the input quantity from small to large (forward stroke) and from large to small (reverse stroke). For the same magnitude of input signal, the output signals of the sensor for the forward and reverse strokes are not equal; this difference is called the hysteresis difference. (4) Repeatability: Repeatability refers to the degree of inconsistency in the characteristic curves obtained when the sensor input changes continuously multiple times over the full scale in the same direction. (5) Drift: Sensor drift refers to the phenomenon where the sensor output changes over time while the input remains constant. There are two reasons for drift: one is the sensor's own structural parameters; the other is the surrounding environment (such as temperature, humidity, etc.). (6) Resolution: When the sensor input increases slowly from a non-zero value, the output undergoes an observable change after exceeding a certain increment; this input increment is called the sensor's resolution, i.e., the minimum input increment. (7) Threshold: When the sensor input increases slowly from zero, the output undergoes an observable change after reaching a certain value; this input value is called the sensor's threshold voltage.

leoni protec electrical component classification

Thermosensitive materials are generally divided into three categories: semiconductor, metal, and alloy: 1. Semiconductor thermistor materials include single-crystal semiconductors, polycrystalline semiconductors, glass semiconductors, organic semiconductors, and metal oxides. They all have very large resistance temperature coefficients and high resistivity, and sensors made from them have relatively high sensitivity. According to the resistance temperature coefficient, they can also be divided into negative temperature coefficient materials and positive temperature coefficient materials. For example, barium titanate ceramic is an ideal positive temperature coefficient semiconductor material. Both types of materials are widely used in temperature measurement, temperature control, temperature compensation, switching circuits, overload protection, and time delay, such as being used to make thermistor thermometers, thermistor switches, and thermistor delay relays. Due to the exponential relationship between resistance and temperature, the temperature measurement range is narrow and uniformity is poor. 2. Metal thermistor materials are widely used as thermal resistors for temperature measurement, current limiters, and automatic constant temperature heating elements. Examples include platinum resistance thermometers, nickel resistance thermometers, and copper resistance thermometers. Among them, platinum temperature sensors exhibit significantly high precision and stability in various media (including corrosive media). However, their widespread application is limited to some extent due to the scarcity and high price of platinum. Copper temperature sensors are cheaper, but long-term use in corrosive media can lead to significant changes in static characteristics and resistance values. Nickel temperature sensors are widely used abroad and are considered a relatively ideal material because they have high sensitivity, satisfactory reproducibility, and stability. 3. Alloy thermistor materials, also known as thermistor alloys. This type of alloy has high resistivity, and its resistance value is sensitive to temperature changes, making it a good material for manufacturing temperature-sensitive sensors. The performance requirements for thermistor alloys as temperature-sensitive sensors are as follows: (1) Sufficiently large resistivity; (2) Relatively high resistance temperature coefficient; (3) Coefficient of linear expansion close to that of the experimental material; (4) Small strain sensitivity coefficient; (13) Good repeatability of the resistance-temperature curve during heating and cooling within the operating temperature range.

leoni protec electrical component structure

The rated current of the fusible element is not equal to the rated current of the fuse. The rated current of the fusible element is selected based on the load current of the protected equipment. The rated current of the fuse should be greater than the rated current of the fusible element and determined in coordination with the main electrical appliance. The fuse mainly consists of 8 parts: the fusible element, the housing, and the support. The fusible element is the key component controlling the fusing characteristics. The material, size, and shape of the fusible element determine the fusing characteristics. Fusible element materials are divided into two categories: low melting point and high melting point. Low melting point materials, such as lead and lead alloys, have low melting points and melt easily. Due to their higher resistivity, the cross-sectional dimensions of the fusible elements made from them are larger, generating more metal vapor during fusing, making them suitable only for fuses with low breaking capacity. High melting point materials, such as copper and silver, have high melting points and are not easy to melt. However, due to their lower resistivity, they can be made with smaller cross-sectional dimensions than low melting point fusible elements, generating less metal vapor during fusing, making them suitable for fuses with high breaking capacity. The shape of the fusible element is divided into wire-like and strip-like. Changing the shape of the variable cross-section can significantly alter the fusing characteristics of the fuse. Fuses have various different fusing characteristic curves, which can meet the needs of different types of protected objects.

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